The Rhetorical Analysis On The Preface And Postscript To Philological Treatises During The Qing Dynasty

The preface and postscript to philological treatises during the qing dynasty(hereinafter referred to as "preface and postscript to treatises")are important documents for the study of ancient philologic and play an important role in the research history of philology,phonology and exegesis.As a complete textual corpus,the preface and postscript stationery of the treatise has the feasibility of rhetoric research.The preface and postscript of the treatise is highly professional,academic and practical,which is different from the general prescript and postscript.The preface and postscript is a kind of small essay with the nature of prose,which can also be regarded as academic essay.In general,the language is plain on the surface,but it is actually a work of craftsmanship,not to show the mark of chisel.Although plain to see,it pays great attention to the choice of sentence patterns,the cohesion of paragraphs,and there is no lack of the use of vivid forms,such as duality,exaggeration,parallelism,which contains aesthetic charm.However,as a "general" corpus,the academic community has not paid much attention to it,and the research field also mainly involves the philology field,and it has not been analyzed from the perspective of rhetoric.Therefore,it can be used as an important material for rhetorical research to comprehensively investigate the linguistic features and rhetorical features of the preface and postscript to the treatises,so as to provide certain reference significance for stylistic research.Starting from the language noumenon,this paper adopts the statistical method,induction method and comparative analysis method to discuss from the aspects of phrases,sentences and texts respectively,and makes a comprehensive investigation on the prefaces and postscripts of 50 selected philological treatises.From negative rhetoric and positive rhetoric to start,the paper selects typical corpus,analyzes the rhetorical effect and pragmatic function,and discusses the linguistic characteristics about the prefaces and postscripts to treatises during the Qing dynasty.The introduction consists of four parts: the research summary,the research method and the source of the corpus,the definition of the preface and postscript,and the rhetorical value of the preface and postscript to treatises during the Qing dynasty.The first chapter is the rhetoric of phrases,from the use of figures of speech in phrases,such as borrowing,taboo,overlap,to analyze its rhetorical effect,it can be seen that the preface and postscripts of the treatises on the elaboration and training of words.The second chapter is the rhetoric of sentences.Starting from the negative rhetoric and the positive rhetoric,this part respectively analyzes the choice of compound sentences and sentence groups,the use of integral and scattered sentences,and the use of figures of speech in sentences.A large number of complex sentences and sentence are used extensively and comprehensively,which reflects the complex logical and semantic relations between languages.The structure is rigorous and the writing is well-informed.The flexible use of integral and scattered sentences shows the flexible style of the preface and postscript,which adds the beauty of rhythm and harmony.Changing to use exclamations,antithesis,metaphor,exaggeration reflects the vividness of the sentence.The third chapter is the textual rhetoric From the perspective of negative rhetoric and positive rhetoric,this chapter discusses the structure of the prefaces and postscripts and figures of speech in texts,which the method and characteristics of structure and organization of the preface and postscript.This paper makes a comprehensive analysis of the style of the preface and postscript of the treatises,and summarizes four chapter structures,that is,the subtotal,the total score,the total fraction and the sub-theory structure.On the whole,it has achieved a breakthrough in the form and content of the eight-part essay.The treatise uses the rhetorical questions,citation,parallelism,veracity,stratification,palindrome and comparative rhetoric comprehensively in various forms,which shows the important characteristics of attaching importance to logic and matters in the preface and postscript,and it is conducive to promoting the topic and highlighting the views.The last part is the conclusion,which systematically summarizes the rhetorical features of the preface and postscript to philological treatises during the Qing dynasty,and provides some reference for the construction of contemporary academic discourse.As a kind of subtext,the preface and postscript of the treatise and the main text are explanatory to each other.To a large extent,it is attached to the text and serves the content of the text,which conforms to the context of the subject.From the perspective of language noumenon,the language of preface and postscript of the treatises presents the characteristics of prose culture,and the language is plain.From the perspective of the form of rhetoric and the effect of expression,the preface and postscript of the treatises are professional and practical,which can extract academic thoughts,guide readers and recommend monographs.It combines rhetoric with logic,objectivity and vividness,therefore,it realizes the value of preface and postscript better.It is thus clear that the choice of rhetorical forms coincides with the characteristics of the preface and postscript,bring out the best in each other,thus formed the unique rhetorical features:heavy logic,heavy reasons.It melts vitality and academic as one,paying attention to the logic and no lack of vivid performance.In the simple see vivid,in the flexible see steady.