Study On Diet Vocabulary Teaching In TCSL（Teaching Chinese To Speakers As A Foreign Language）

Chinese learners come to China to learn Chinese for different learning motives,and some of them are attracted by Chinese cuisine.Whether they go out to order meals or gather and talk with Chinese friends,foreign students in China can’t avoid the use of diet words.This paper takes the food vocabulary of grades 1 to 9 in the vocabulary of Chinese Proficiency Grading Standards for International Chinese Language Education as the research object.At the same time,combined with the series of teaching materials of Learning in China,this paper investigates the vocabulary of diet.The first chapter constructs the vocabulary classification of diet.According to the part of speech,the diet vocabulary of grades 1 to 9 of Chinese Proficiency Grading Standards for International Chinese Language Education is divided into diet nouns,diet verbs and diet adjectives.Based on the classification dictionary and common sense,diet nouns are divided into 29 categories,diet verbs are divided into 6 categories and diet adjectives are divided into 4 categories.Diet vocabulary can be systematically taught and learned through semantic field,which is hierarchical,national and systematic.Most of the collocations of dietary words have stable structure and clear semantics.Constructing the semantic field of dietary vocabulary collocation can help Chinese learners memorize dietary vocabulary,save language conversion time and effectively output the second language.Construct the semantic field of the relationship between the upper and lower meanings of diet words.The upper words in diet words dominate the lower words.The lower words belong to a clear category through classification.In the process of teaching,use the root of superior words to form words and construct more subordinate words.The second chapter focuses on the homologous words of diet vocabulary,and brings together the words with the same etymology.Homonym analysis reveals the internal meaning of homonyms.Diet words can be clustered into other homologous words at different meaning levels through homologous morpheme analysis.From the perspective of etymology,this paper lists the cognate words of diet nouns,diet adjectives and diet verbs,and connects diet words with other words at different meaning levels.The third chapter studies the cultural mechanism of the formation of Chinese food vocabulary.The differences of Chinese seasonal food customs and food customs in different places promote the development and changes of Chinese food vocabulary.Through food culture,we can see the cultural connotation of Chinese food vocabulary.Through food culture,we can see the cultural connotation of Chinese food vocabulary.Through Chinese food vocabulary,we can trace China’s food customs and food etiquette,taking wine ceremony and tea ceremony as examples.The fourth chapter puts forward some suggestions for the teaching and learning of diet vocabulary.Food vocabulary teaching in Chinese as a foreign language should follow the primary principle of culture serving language,and teachers should use corresponding teaching strategies according to Chinese learners at different stages.Pay attention to the combination of diet vocabulary teaching and diet culture teaching,and culture teaching assists language teaching.Teachers use modern teaching resources to make the classroom more vivid.Food vocabulary teaching combines semantic field to show the systematicness of food vocabulary.Use cognate words reasonably in class to reveal the etymological meaning of words.Chinese learners acquire food vocabulary through semantic field and accumulate vocabulary in the process of learning food culture.