The Customs View Of Chengdu Intellectual Elites In Late Qing Dynasty And Early Republic Of China ——An Investigation Centered On Fu Chongju

Chengdu society in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China experienced social changes and changes in customs.These phenomena were perceived and written by the intellectual elites in Chengdu.This paper selects the intellectual elite Fu Chongju in Chengdu area as the research object,takes the custom writing texts in his works and the custom concepts reflected in the texts as the main line of research,combined with Chengdu Zhuzhi Ci,local chronicles and other documents,the knowledge of Chengdu area in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China is analyzed.The customs of the elites were investigated.Through analysis,it is found that the intellectual elites represented by Fu Chongju mainly focus on those customs and habits that have a greater impact on people’s conception,spiritual life and other aspects.For example,in terms of spiritual customs,Fu Chongju and others analyzed the religious beliefs popular in the society at that time,focusing on the social harm of "superstitious" behaviors such as worshiping ghosts and witchcraft,and trying to use scientific knowledge to enlighten people’s wisdom.In terms of social customs,they advocate the preservation of traditional ritual procedures in marriage and funeral customs,deny some traditional concepts of marriage such as "the words of a matchmaker ordered by parents",and support the freedom of marriage and love.In addition,it also criticized social customs such as footbinding,and advocated the liberation of women from the body and spirit.On this basis,this paper argues that the view of customs of the Chengdu intellectual elite in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China has the following characteristics: First,the intellectual elite represented by Fu Chongju did not discuss the issue of customs in a simple and isolated manner,but regarded social customs as a This kind of cultural phenomenon is studied in a broad social background.Taking "Saving the Nation" as the starting point,it mainly discusses the relationship between customs,national destiny and national spirit.In their ideology,"conservation" and "renovation" are the premise of each other,and "improvement" and "enlightenment" are dualistic.Second,their ultimate goal of improving "customs" no longer points to "government of the ruler",but to "enlighten the wisdom of the people",which is different to a certain extent from the traditional view of customs of "watching the customs and knowing the gains and losses",which coincides with the subject interest of modern folklore.Looking at the customs of the intellectual elite represented by Fu Chongju in the Chengdu area of the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China,its complexity is obvious.Although they have some modern elements in their thinking,their attitude towards the lower-level culture also follows some traditional cognitions,and their related remarks contain profound cultural roots and elements of the times.Therefore,the research in this paper can not only peek into the era of social drastic changes,the contrast and tension between old customs and new customs,but also reflect the emotional fulcrum of the customs writing of Chengdu intellectual elites at that time.