Investigation On Phonology Of Chinese Dialects In4Counties And Cities Such As Litang County In Ganzi Prefecture,Sichuan Province

This paper mainly discusses the phonological characteristics of Chinese dialects in Ganzi（甘孜）area,including Kangding（康定）,Daofu（道孚）,Batang（巴塘）and Litang（理塘）,and how they have evolved into the language features investigated today under the influence of Tibetan.According to the survey data based on this paper,the Chinese dialect in Ganzi（甘孜）area has similar characteristics with the"Huguang dialect"（湖广话）in Sichuan Chinese dialect,so Ganzi（甘孜）area should belong to the"Huguang dialect"（湖广话）area.Its specific features include:in terms of initial consonants,it is similar to"Huguang dialect"（湖广话）,but it retains different degrees of flat tongue.Affected by Tibetan,the distribution of flat tongue is different from that of Putonghua.Both refined group and knowledge Department read as flat tongue,which is irregular;From the characteristics of initials,the Chinese dialects in Ganzi（甘孜）area are closer to"new sound"（新音）,and the voiced fricative v-,gingival palatine nasal sound in the initials?-And soft palate nasal sound?-The pronunciation is gradually close to Mandarin.In terms of vowels,the distribution law is basically the same as that of"Huguang dialect"（湖广话）,with complete four calls and single toneɑ.The tongue position is generally backward.Except that“xianshe”（咸摄）and“shanshe”（山摄）and“dangshe”（宕摄）and“jiangshe”（江摄）have the distinction of front and rear nasal rhyme,“shenshe”（深摄）and“zhenshe”（臻摄）and“zengshe”（曾摄）and“gengshe”（梗摄）merge,and retain many characteristics of"Old Chengdu sound"（老成都音）.In terms of tone,there are generally four tones,and the“Rusheng”（入声）tone is basically classified into“Yangping”tone（阳平调）,which is consistent with the basic characteristics of"Huguang dialect"（湖广话）.The main research methods used in this paper are: field investigation method,experimental phonetics method,the theory and method of historical comparative linguistics and literature research method.First,the first-hand language materials are obtained through field investigation,then analyzed,sorted and summarized,and finally further research is done.This paper is divided into six parts.The first part is the introduction,which summarizes the investigation object,research methods,research purpose and significance of this paper;The second part is the overview,historical evolution and traffic situation of Kangding（康定）,Daofu（道孚）,Batang（巴塘）Litang（理塘）and other four counties and cities in Ganzi Prefecture（甘孜州）;The third part is a detailed description of the phonological characteristics of the Chinese dialects in the above four counties and cities,discusses their relationship with medieval sounds,and summarizes their historical evolution laws;The fourth part is to compare the phonological characteristics of Chinese dialects in four counties and cities,and then compare them with"Huguang dialect"（湖广话）represented by Chengdu dialect and"Nanlu dialect"（南路话）represented by Chongzhou（崇州）dialect,so as to summarize the dialect attribution of Chinese dialects in four counties and cities;The fifth part mainly discusses the reasons for the formation of modern Chinese dialects in four counties and cities,including Litang（理塘）,Ganzi Prefecture（甘孜州）,Sichuan Province（四川省）.Since ancient times,as an area inhabited by ethnic minorities,the language appearance of this area has been affected to a certain extent,including the historical factors of immigrants.Secondly,it briefly introduces the dege（德格）phonology of Tibetan Kang dialect（藏语康方言）,the main language of daily communication,and then compares the phonology of four dialect points with that of Kang dialect（康方言）to explore its influence;The sixth part is the epilogue.The conclusion is that the Chinese dialects of the above four counties and cities are close to the"Huguang dialect"（湖广话）in Southwest Mandarin.At the same time,they are affected by Kang dialect（康方言）to varying degrees,which makes their dialects show unique characteristics.