Research On Pumenpin

Pumenpin is an important product in Hokkekyo,which preaches a Guanyin Bodhisattva with great mercy and salvation.Since Zhu Fahu translated Zheng Hokkekyo in AD 286,this product has been widely noticed and believed.By AD 406,after Luo Shi translated "Miao Fa Lian Hua Jing" in Chang ’an,its translation was elegant,smooth and easy to understand,which accelerated the popularity of Guanyin belief;Soon,"Pumenpin" was released alone,and its developed belief in Guanyin even surpassed the belief in Fahua.Various schools of Buddhism in China made speeches and comments one after another;Among them,Zhu Fahu’s translation and Kumarajiva’s translation are the main basis for the prevalence of Guanyin belief in China.By comparing the texts of these two versions,this paper studies the annotation of this article by various scholars,understands the importance of Pumenpin as a convenient method in the process of dissemination in terms of "righteousness" and "reason",and clarifies the evolution of the manuscripts and the integration of Guanyin Bodhisattva with Confucianism,Buddhism and Taoism,which essentially reflects the secularization of Buddhist belief.At the same time,through sorting out,the author finds that Dunhuang Buddhist documents are mainly divided into Zhu Fahu’s translation of Guangshiyin Pumenpin and Kumarajiva’s translation of Guanyin Bodhisattva Pumenpin,whose study of ancient books can greatly expand our cognition of ancient books of Pumenpin.These ancient manuscripts of Pumenpin in Dunhuang dated from Northern Wei Dynasty to Northern Song Dynasty,which spanned more than four and a half centuries.On the one hand,this shows the universality and continuity of Pumenpin in Dunhuang,on the other hand,it shows that Dunhuang belief changed from Fahua to Guanyin after Tang Dynasty.These ancient remains have never been included,and they are valuable documents for studying different versions of Pumenpin.At present,the research on Pumenpin in China mainly focuses on analyzing the belief of Avalokitesvara in this product,and lacks the collation and comparison between Zhu Fahu’s translation and Kumarajiva’s translation of Pumenpin’s ancient edition,especially the difference between Dunhuang ancient edition,Japanese ancient edition and its publication.Therefore,the author makes a comprehensive comparison between Dunhuang ancient books,Japanese ancient books and periodicals.Firstly,the author summarizes the problems of Pumenpin,mainly clarifying the subordinate relationship between Hokkekyo and Pumenpin,including the establishment of Hokkekyo,the compilation and outflow of Pumenpin singles and the gradual emergence of Guanyin Bodhisattva belief.Secondly,the text of Dunhuang ancient manuscripts,Japanese ancient manuscripts and periodicals is investigated and compared;Next,it compares the different versions of Pumenpin,analyzes their basic texts,length and differences in words,and expounds the ideological characteristics of Pumenpin;It also analyzes the spread of Pumenpin in Han Dynasty,including the annotation of many schools and the influence of tantric belief on Pumenpin;Finally,it analyzes the value,influence and position of Pumenpin.