The Study Of Chinese Characters Configuration And Characters Teaching In TCFL

In recent years,with China’s increasing international influence,teaching Chinese as a foreign language(TCFL)has been carried out in a lively way.Chinese characters are one of the elements of TCFL and play an important role in TCFL.It is the key and difficult point for foreign students to learn Chinese.In order to deeply explore Chinese characters’ structural rules and effective ways of teaching Chinese characters to foreign students,the author analyze the configuration rules of morden Chinese characters,which belong to The Classification of Syllable,Characters and Words of Chinese International Education(Characters Table),and Chinese characters errors in HSK compositions written by foreign students.These analyses are based on the theories of Chinese characters configuration,with the methods of combining quantitative and qualitative analysis,description and explanation.Through the analysis of the configuration rules of Chinese characters in The Classification of Syllable,Characters and Words of Chinese International Education(Characters Table),it is found that the configuration modes of single-component characters are relatively simple.Most of them are mark words.As for configuration modes of multiple-component characters,it can be divided into two types.One have phonetic components,and the other have semantic components.In the multiple-component characters with phonetic components,there are four kinds of pronunciation relations between phonetic components and the words.First,they have the same initials,finals and tones.Second,they have the same initials and finals,but different tones.Third,they have the same finals and tones,but different initials.Forth,they have the same finals,but different initials and tones.Among them,the number of characters with phonetic components which have same pronunciation is the most.Among the compound words with semantic components,the component that can directly express meaning usually has strong ability of word construction,and people can easily connect the meaning of it to the meaning of the whole word.However,the extended semantic component has a weak connection with the meaning of the whole word,so people need to play a reasonable association to connect its meaning with the whole word’s meaning.At the same time,the author analyze the Chinese characters errors in 150 foreign students’ compositions in HSK.The errors can be divided into wrong words and different words.According to error analysis,it is found that foreigners’ characters errors are mostly related to the misuse of strokes and components.Based on the previous researches of this paper,the author discuss the application of Chinese characters configuration theories in teaching characters to foreign students,and give some teaching suggestions.When teacher teaches single-component characters,he can analyze its meaning from the glyph.When teacher teaches compound characters,he can separate them into several components and show its semantic function or phonetic function.These teaching methods can provide new ideas for teaching characters to foreigners.Also,it can promote the development of Chinese international education.