Study On The Formation And Development Of Beibei Evacuation And Relocation Area

Not long after the outbreak of the War of Resistance Against Japan,the Nanjing National Government announced that it would move its capital to Chongqing,and determined that Sichuan was the main rear area during the war.At the same time,it organized its forces and began to intensively evacuate and relocate Industrial and Mining enterprises,Party and Government agencies,Cultural units.However,in the actual resettlement concept,especially the overall planning of industrial and mining enterprises,party and government agencies,there is an obvious change from "moving Wu Han" to "moving Sichuan".When the Battle of Songhu came to an end in November1937,the Nationalist Government was determined to deepen the inland migration,and the concept of“centralizing Wuhan first” was officially shifted to the administrative district of Sichuan Province.Under the multiple influences of geographical location,economic level,and real politics,which included the eastern Sichuan region,the radiation circle of the auxiliary capital,the national anti-Japanese strategy,and the foundation before the Beibei war.Beibei’s strategic position has begun to become prominent,and it has created a real opportunity to move from behind the scenes to the center of the stage.Around 1938,several factories and cultural units along the coast chose to settle in Beibei,which enhanced the local industrial and cultural attributes.After the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War,the early trend of moving to Beibei appeared.With the development of the "moving Sichuan",the National Government assigned Beibei to be the "New Industrial Zone in Sichuan".However,due to the inherent inadequacy of Beibei’s local power supply capacity,the disorderly acceptance measures of the goverment,and the against of cultural circles,The industrial zone has no choice but to run aground,and Beibei’s industrial attribute has receded.During this period,the core elements of North China and East China gradually gathered in Chongqing,and the Japanese aircraft began to bombing indiscriminately the rear area.The Central Institution Relocation Committee and the Chongqing Evacuation Committee were established by orders,and the former was responsible for the relocated the central party and government agencies,and the latter was responsible for the evacuated the Chongqing people and various industry units to the suburbs.Beibei is a suburban township with a moderate distance from Chongqing,convenient transportation,and a development foundation.It is deeply compatible with the property of avoiding urban bombing,and its strategic position is more prominent.The early relocation trend deepened during this period,and Beibei was also included in the relocation area of the central government agency and the evacuation area of Chongqing,two independent business intersect here,and the "Beibei Evacuation and Relocation Area" formed.Numerous units have been deeply integrated here,Beibei’s political and cultural attributes have begun to be demonstrated simultaneously.The formation of the Beibei Evacuation and Relocation Area gradually gave rise to the main consciousness of the Three Gorges Experimental Area Administration’s "Evacuation and Relocation Area".In the face of a large number of relocation institutions and personnel,the Administration began to improve the three aspects of housing construction measures,air defense measures,and food supply measures.Improve the ability to respond,and strive to maintain the reputation of the "Evacuation and Relocation Area" of the rear area during the war.In the housing measures,the Administration focused on the rent,purchase,construction,and transfer of real estate and the promotion of the overall project in the new village.Faced with the threat of the Japanese air force,the Administration vigorously set up a protection group.At the same time,it took the lead in the building of Air raid shelter and encouraged the building of Air raid shelter.In the plight of food shortage,the Administration has strengthened its efforts to negotiate and purchase foods,try to ensure the balance between supply and demand,strengthened intervention on the distribution side,and completed the system of distribution of public and civilian food,affordable rice and market prices.The formation and development of Beibei Evacuation and Relocation Area has made Beibei’s own geographic "periphery" gradually appear as a "center" in status,and the phenomenon of "centralization of the edge" is reflected in the fact that a large number of scientific research,cultural and educational units gather in Beibei,the central party and government agencies and their affiliates have chosen Beibei,and diverse intellectuals and ordinary people travel to and from Beibei.Beibei has such a large connections to public and private organizations,public and religious personnel,Refuge people and ultimately produces a continuous and stable centripetal force to the surroundings,which may be hidden or visible,and thus further attract the entry of foreign elements,and finally form Beibei A benign ecological cycle.The development achievements of the Area have made Beibei’s political and cultural attributes increasingly strong,and its right in the region has increased,and then it has been promoted to the "Beibei Administration Bureau",and the administrative level has been improved.It leads further development of the area into the "Noah’s Ark".The allusions of the "three thousand celebrities" circulated here,and eventually resulted in the status of the "small capital".It can provide some historical enlightenment,thinking and care for Beibei to return to the "peripheral" In the present.