A Comparative Study On Acoustic Characteristics Of "402" Dulcimer And Xinjiang Dulcimer

Dulcimer is a national musical instrument of the world,which has different names in different countries and is also called “Dulcimer”in China.After dulcimer entered China from Guangdong,he combined with different cultures to form different styles of music,which is the accompaniment of many Quyi and Chinese operas.After the founding of the People’s Republic of China,dulcimer underwent many musical instrument reforms and broke the geographical restrictions.Finally,in the 1980 s,the “402”dulcimer entered Xinjiang region and was recognized by local musicians.However,Xinjiang dulcimer— “Qiang”was introduced into Xinjiang from Central Asia,roughly experienced three periods,and finally the second generation “Qiang”was the most widespread and widely used.“402” dulcimer and “Qiang”are very popular in Xinjiang,and they form different acoustics due to different cultural backgrounds,and have their own characteristics in terms of timbre and range,but both can play Xinjiang style music,and in the Xinjiang Ethnic Orchestra occupies the important status,in the form and the performance method is also basically the same.In this paper,“402”dulcimer and “Qiang”as the research object,through the experimental analysis of the similarities and differences,divided into the following four chapters to discuss:Chapter One: introduction of “402”dulcimer and Xinjiang dulcimer.This chapter first combs the background and development of the “402”dulcimer and the Xinjiang dulcimer,and then analyzes dulcimer’s acoustic system to clarify the similarities and differences between the two kinds of dulcimer,thus provides the theory support for the follow-up experiment analysis.Chapter Two: Experimental Design.This chapter describes the experimental environment,experimental equipment,experimental personnel,musical instruments being tested,analysis software,microphone setup program and recording program.Chapter Three: Experimental Analysis.In this chapter,the recorded sound samples are analyzed objectively from the aspects of sound pressure level,vibration time and frequency spectrum.Among them,the sound pressure level analysis is the statistics of sound pressure level of each sound area.The analysis of vibration time includes two contents: sensitivity(attack length)and vibration duration(sound length),the frequency spectrum analysis mainly analyzes the three playing techniques(percussion,scratch and anti-bamboo)of the two kinds of instruments,in order to understand their acoustic characteristics in sound pressure level,length and timbre.Chapter Four: Subjective assessment and thinking.This chapter is divided into two parts,the subjective assessment part,which is mainly about the analysis of the subjective assessment questionnaire of Dulcimer’s professional teachers and students,in order to understand the cultural background of the interviewees and subjective perception of sound quality,the study analyzed the relationship between people from different cultural backgrounds and whatl they knew about dulcimer.The second part,based on the objective analysis and subjective evaluation of the two dulcimer,combined with the regional cultural background of Xinjiang,analyzes the timbre of the two dulcimer and the Xinjiang elements in the works.