A Study Of Mosaic Parcel And Non-continuous Parcel In Yunnan In The Late Qing Dynasty And The Republic Of China(1875-1949)

This article mainly focuses on mosaic parcel and non-continuous parcel in Yunnan during the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China.The so-called " mosaic parcel " refers to the area where dog teeth are intertwined between the borders of the political district;the " non-continuous parcel " means "enclave",which refers to the land under the jurisdiction of a certain administrative region but not adjacent to the district.mosaic parcel and non-continuous parcel are special administrative divisions,and they are the specific embodiment of central political means in specific administrative divisions.They have been distributed throughout the ages.Since the Ming and Qing dynasties,flower arrangements have gradually increased due to the influence of the "Wei Suo Tun Tian" and the "Toast System",affecting government management and economic development.Since the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China,the shortcomings of mosaic parcel and non-continuous parcel have become increasingly serious,and the government has begun to investigate and clear up mosaic parcel.The mosaic parcel of Yunnan Province mainly occurred during the Ming and Qing Dynasties,and were distributed throughout the province.According to available data,the number of mosaic parcel and non-continuous parcels in the whole province is the largest in western Yunnan and central Yunnan,followed by southern Yunnan and eastern Yunnan,and the least in the border areas.The clearing and adjustment of mosaic parcel in Yunnan Province was mainly during the period of the Republic of China.Under the auspices of the Yunnan Provincial Department of Civil Affairs,there were three large-scale clearing and adjustments during the period of the Republic of China in Yunnan Province,namely the 21 st year of the Republic(1932)and thirtieth years(1941),thirty-seven years of the Republic of China(1948),but failed to completely solve this problem.The clearing of mosaic parcel in Yunnan Province was basically completed after 1949.There are also specific historical and practical reasons for the occurrence of flower arrangements in Yunnan Province.The historical reasons are mainly reflected in the legacy problems of the "Wei Suo Tun Tian" and "Tusi System"."Wei Suo Tun Tian" led to a large number of "segregation of household grain" phenomenon,its administrative power and tax collection power belong to two different political districts,resulting in a large number of mosaic parcel and.The position of the toast area in the administrative division system is relatively special.Although the toast,even the "separation of household food" after the conversion of the land,are under the jurisdiction of the corresponding political area,but they have absolute say in their jurisdiction.Battles,mergers and marriages have led to frequent changes in the Tusi jurisdiction,which has led to the creation of a large number of mosaic parcel.In addition,the chieftains of the "reformed land" still have "feeding places".Although these "feeding places" are under the jurisdiction of county-level administrative regions,they have greater autonomy in taxation,resulting in administrative rights and The taxation power is not unified,and a relatively independent area is formed within the county-level administrative area.Through the study of the distribution,cleanup,causes,and impact of mosaic parcel and non-continuous parcel in Yunnan Province in the late Qing Dynasty and the Republic of China,we can better understand the connotation of mosaic parcel and non-continuous parcel,and we can also understand the development of administrative divisions of Yunnan province,the health system,and The Impact of the Toast System on Yunnan Society.A series of disputes caused during the process of clearing and arranging mosaic parcel and non-continuous parcel can also reflect the governance of the grassroots society in Yunnan Province during the Republic of China.In addition,there are still many mosaic parcel and non-continuous parcel in China,which are also caused by special historical reasons and policies.Through the study of mosaic parcel and non-continuous parcel in Yunnan Province,it can also provide current or future treatment of mosaic parcel and non-continuous parcel.Some lessons have certain practical significance.