| Objective:To investigate the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia among6-12-month-old rural left-behind children in Zunyi area,and analyze related factors,so as to provide scientific basis for the formulation of targeted strategies for the prevention and improvement of anemia in rural left-behind infants.Methods:With a method of stratified random sampling,6～12-month-old rural left-behind children and their caregivers were selected from 5 townships in Zunyi area from September 2018 to September 2020.A questionnaire survey was conducted among child caregivers.Physical examination and blood test were performed on the subjects.The data were inputted by Excel software,and the data were collated and analyzed by statistical software SPSS18.0.The main statistical methods including descriptive analysis,chi-square test and multi-factor unconditional Logistic regression analysis.Results:(1)Descriptive analysis:(1)A total of 675 effective cases of rural left-behind children aged 6～12 months were investigated,including 349 boys(51.7%)and 326 girls(48.3%),the sex ratio of male to female was 1.07.There are 180 cases(26.7%)of children aged 6-7 months,217 cases(32.1%)aged 8-9 months;278 cases(41.2%)aged 10-12 months.(2)The average age of the father was(28.42±5.38)years old,and the average age of the mother was(26.19±4.21)years.The parents’educational level was mainly junior high school,of which the father was 65.8%,the mother is 51.1%,37.6%of households have a per capita annual income between5,000 and 10,000 yuan;the parents go out to work mainly by the father,accounting for 71.6%.(3)The average body weight of the children surveyed was(8.22±1.17)kg,and the average body length was(70.01±3.59)cm,the incidences of low weight,growth retardation and weight loss were 8.0%,2.7%and 4.3%,respectively.(4)264cases were diagnosed as IDA,with a prevalence rate of 39.1%,mild IDA accounted for 88.6%(234/264 cases),moderate IDA accounted for 11.4%(30/264cases).(2)Univariate analysis:gender(χ~2=12.615,P<0.05),birth weight(χ~2=12.727,P<0.05),gestational age(χ~2=10.122,P<0.05),birth times(χ~2=9.769,P<0.05),low weight(χ~2=6.665,P<0.05),emaciation(χ~2=8.872,P<0.05),maternal anemia during pregnancy(χ~2=38.584,P<0.05),average annual household income(χ~2=27.733,P<0.05),feeding mode(χ~2=18.360,P<0.05),feeding time(χ~2=30.682,P<0.05),intake of eggs and meat(χ~2=6.097,P<0.05;χ~2=12.680,P<0.05),supplementary food structure(χ~2=10.256,P<0.05),iron supplementation(χ~2=9.934,P<0.05)have effects on iron deficiency anemia of 6-12-month-old rural left-behind children in Zunyi area.(3)Multivariate unconditional Logistic regression analysis showed that male sex,low birth weight,weight loss,maternal anemia during pregnancy,low annual family income,exclusive breastfeeding,no meat in supplementary food and no iron supplement were independent risk factors of IDA,while the addition of supplementary food from April to June was a protective factor.Conclusion:(1)The prevalence of IDA in rural left-behind children aged 6-12months in Zunyi area is relatively high,which is 39.1%.(2)Male,low birth weight infants,emaciation,maternal anemia during pregnancy,low family income per capita,exclusive breastfeeding,supplementary food added later,no Iron supplementation were independent risk factor for IDA in rural left-behind infants and infant in Zunyi area,and supplementary food supplementation in April to June is a protective factor. |
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