| Iron deficiency anemia is one of the common diseases in children aged 0-6 years old.The main cause of the disease is the lack of iron in children or iron absorption disorders.This disease is more common in premature children,children who do not add timely and reasonable supplementary food,etc.its clinical manifestations are loss of appetite,decreased resistance,etc.severe cases may even lead to child death.Objective:To study the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in children aged 0-6 years in a community health service center in Changchun city,and to explore the related influencing factors of iron deficiency anemia in children,so as to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anemia in children.Methods:In October 2017 to April 2019 a within the jurisdiction of the community health service centers in changchun children aged 0 to 6 as the research object,follow the principle of random sampling,770 cases were randomly selected sample,and collection of770 children by physical examination,blood routine examination,serum ferritin examination results,and the child family basic situation,mother's basic situation,the basic situation of children,children's daily nutritional condition and so on carries on the questionnaire survey.After all the data were collected,through the correlation analysis between children's iron deficiency anemia and various factors,variables statistically significant in univariate analysis(P<0.05)were incorporated into the binary Logistic regression model for multi-factor analysis to analyze the main factors of children's iron deficiency anemia.Results:1.In this survey,a total of 770 questionnaires were issued and 765 were recovered,with a recovery rate of 99.35% and an effective rate of 97.01%.Of the 747 children,158 had anemia,with a prevalence of 21.15%;Of the 158 children with anemia,141 had iron deficiency anemia,and the prevalence of iron deficiency anemia was 18.88%.2.By analyzing the correlation between children's iron-deficiency anemia and various factors,the results showed that the prevalence rate of children's iron-deficiency anemia was the highest in the 6-12 month age group,which was significantly higher than that in the13-35 month age group and the 3-6 year age group(prevalence rates were 37.92%,13.52%,2.56%,respectively),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001);The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in children whose mothers had iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy was significantly higher than that of children whose mothers had no iron deficiency anemia during pregnancy(the prevalence rates were 28.15% and 17.31%respectively),P=0.004,indicating a statistical difference;The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in children with preterm birth was significantly higher than that in children without preterm birth(34.12%,17.36%),P<0.001,showing a statistical difference;The prevalence rate of iron-deficiency anemia was the highest among breast-fed children,which was significantly higher than that of artificial feeding and mixed feeding(32.74%,11.69%,14.00%,respectively),P<0.001,showing a statistical difference;The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia was the lowest among children who started supplementation at 4-6months,slightly lower than those who started supplementation at 6-7 months,and significantly lower than those who started supplementation at 7-8 months,8 months or above(prevalence was 2.96%,5.52%,51.58%,44.44%,respectively),P<0.001,showing a statistical difference;The prevalence of iron-deficiency anemia in children who never added iron-containing foods was the highest,which was significantly higher than that of those who added iron-containing foods occasionally,regularly,and daily(prevalence was 55.47%,15.04%,8.62%,7.14%,respectively),P<0.001,showing a statistical difference;The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia in children with rapid growth was significantly higher than that in children with normal growth and development(34.34% and 16.96%,respectively),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).By Logistic regression analysis,the results suggest that children 6 to 12 months(OR>1,P<0.001),children 13-35 months(OR>1,P<0.001),the mother during pregnancy with iron-deficiency anemia(OR>1,P=0.027),preterm birth(OR>1,P=0.022),breastfeeding(OR>1,P<0.001),never add iron food to children(OR>1,P=0.015),rapid growth(OR>1,P=0.003)is a risk factor for iron deficiency anemia in children;Supplementation at 4-6 months(OR<1,P<0.001)and supplementation at 6-7 months(OR<1,P<0.001)were protective factors for iron deficiency anemia in children.Conclusion:1.The prevalence of iron deficiency anemia was highest in the 6-12 months,and gradually decreased with the increase of the month age.2.Iron-deficiency anaemia of the mother during pregnancy,premature birth and rapid growth of the child are associated with iron-deficiency anaemia of the child.In addition,the lack of timely and reasonable addition of complementary foods,especially iron-containing foods,is closely related to iron-deficiency anemia in children.3.Supplementary food,especially animal food rich in iron,should be added gradually after 4 months,because timely and reasonable addition of supplementary food,especially iron food,is particularly important for the prevention of iron deficiency anemia in children. |
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