Prevalence Of Overactive Bladder In Female College Students And Its Influence On Psychology

BackgroundOveractive bladder(OAB)affects millions of people’s life every year,it is a combination of urgent urination,frequent urination,nocturnal urination,and urgent urinary incontinence.Although the symptoms of OAB do not threaten the life of the patients,it will endanger the physical and mental health of patients and reduce their living standards,clinicians should pay attention to OAB.Nowadays,more attention has been paid to the epidemiological investigation of OAB in middle-aged and elderly people at home and abroad,and there is a lack of research on OAB in college students,so the purpose of this epidemiological survey is to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of OAB in female college students and to enrich the relevant research data in China.ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence and related risk factors of overactive bladder(OAB)in female college students in China,and to evaluate the effect of OAB on their psychology and quality of life.Methods1.From September 2019 to September 2020,14300 female college students aged17-21 were selected from colleges and universities for national enrollment,and an anonymous questionnaire was used to investigate the epidemiological situation of OAB.2.The questionnaire included basic information,history of urinary tract infection,lower urinary tract symptoms(LUTS),intestinal symptoms,overactive bladder score scale(OABSS),self-rating depression scale(SDS),self-esteem scale(SES)and Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI).3.OAB is defined as urination with or without urgent urinary incontinence,usually with frequent urination and nocturnal urination,but without urinary tract infection or other definite diseases.OABSS score was used to evaluate whether the subjects had OAB and the severity of OAB.The urgency score of OABSS was≥2,and the total score≥3 could be diagnosed as OAB,3≤5 as mild OAB,6≤11 as moderate OAB,≥12 as severe OAB.4.The relationship between the prevalence of OAB and residence,body mass index(BMI),intestinal symptoms,history of urinary tract infection,menstruation regularity and nocturnal enuresis(NE)were analyzed.The scores of self-esteem,depression and sleep quality were compared between OAB group and non-OAB group,the correlation between OABSS score and sleep score were compared.Results1.A total of 14300 questionnaires were sent out and 13129 questionnaires were collected,of which 428 were excluded.12701 subjects(age 19±1.0 years)were qualified for statistical analysis.The overall prevalence of OAB was 6.1%(770/12701)in female college students,the prevalence of dry OAB was 3.8%(478/12701)and wet OAB was2.3%(292/12701).The prevalence of mild OAB was 4.9%(618/12701),and that of moderate OAB was 1.2%(152/12701).There was no severe OAB.2.The prevalence of OAB was related to BMI(χ~2=7.592,P<0.05),NE(χ~2=15.111,P<0.001),constipation(χ~2=20.519,P<0.001),history of urinary tract infection(χ~2=92.032,P<0.001)and irregular menstruation(χ~2=19.493,P<0.001),but not with residence(χ~2=0.000,P>0.05).3.The depression score(29.61±4.08 vs.28.00±3.56,P<0.001)and Pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI)(5.20±2.41 vs.4.22±2.42,P<0.001)of OAB group were higher than those of no-OAB group,while the score of self-esteem(47.92±9.46 vs.52.01±8.93,P<0.001)was lower than that of no-OAB group.In addition,there was a linear relationship between the scores of OABSS and the scores of sleep dimensions(P<0.05).ConclusionOAB is common in female college students and affects the mental health of patients.Obesity,NE,constipation,history of urinary tract infection and irregular menstruation are the risk factors of OAB.