The Relationship Between Fasting Blood Glucose Levels And Short-term Prognosis Of Guillain-barre Syndrome

Objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the correlation between fasting plasma glucose(FPG)level abnormality and Guillain-Barre syndrome(GBS),and to analyze whether elevated FPG is an independent risk factor for poor short-term prognosis in patients with GBS.Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 146 patients of GBS who were admitted to the first affiliated hospital of Bengbu medical college from January 2016 to February 2020.These patients were divided into two groups according to fasting blood glucose level.Compare differences of two groups in gender,age,history of nervous system symptoms,the presence of precursor infection,disorder of cranial nerve palsy,sensory and autonomic nerve involvement,difficulty breathing,Medical Research Council(MRC)total score and Functional Grading Scale(HFGS)score.Compare differences of two groups in the levels of protein,glucose,cerebrospinal fluid protein-cell separation,Pandy test and compare the difference between neural electrophysiological data.According to the HFGS score at discharge,the patients were divided into the light group(HFGS≤3)and the heavy group(HFGS > 3),and the relationship between fasting blood glucose level and short-term prognosis of Guillain-Barre syndrome was analyzed.Results: There were no significant differences between the two groups in age,sex,history of prodromal infection,sensory disturbance,absence of tendon reflex,meningeal irritation sign,neuroelectrophysiological classification,CSF protein level,CSF protein cell isolation and CSF Pandy test(P > 0.05).The incidence of surgical trauma history,cranial nerve involvement,autonomic nervous dysfunction,dyspnea,assisted ventilation,Babinski sign,the ratio of HFGS score of 5 to 6 at discharge,and cerebrospinal fluid glucose concentration in GBS patients with elevated FPG were all higher than those in normal FPG group(p<0.05),MRC score at nadir was higher than that in normal FPG group(p<0.05).Univariate analysis showed that age(OR=1.034),cranial nerve involvement(OR=2.405),autonomic nervous dysfunction(OR=2.250),cerebrospinal fluid protein content(OR=2.664),fasting blood glucose level(OR=1.290)and blood C-reactive protein(CRP)level(OR=1.028)were all risk factors for poor short-term prognosis in GBS patients(p<0.05);Multiple Logistic regression analysis showed that age(OR=1.052),cranial nerve involvement(OR=1.346),cerebrospinal fluid protein content(OR=3.255)and fasting blood glucose level(OR=1.432)were all independent risk factors for poor short-term prognosis in GBS patients(p<0.05).Conclusions: Our findings suggest that patients with GBS and elevated FPG are more severely ill,more prone to cranial nerve involvement,autonomic dysfunction,dyspnea and mechanical ventilation dependence and poorer short-term outcomes.Elevated FPG is an independent risk factor for poor short-term prognosis in patients with GBS.