The Study On The Difference Of Metabolites In Plasma After Oral Administration Of Panax Ginseng,American Ginseng And Panax Notoginseng

Panax ginseng,American ginseng and Panax notoginseng are all traditional Chinese medicinal materials.According to the literatures,their main active ingredients are saponins,and the main pharmacological effects of saponins include anti-tumor,regulating blood pressure,regulating blood glucose,protecting brain,improving immunity,anti-oxidation,anti-aging and so on.Although Panax ginseng,American ginseng and Panax notoginseng have the same pharmacological effects,there are still differences among them.For example,Panax ginseng has the abilities to stimulate nerve center,raise blood pressure and promote fibrinolysis.American ginseng inhibits nerve center,protect nerve,reduce blood lipid and protect heart.Panax notoginseng has the effects of stopping bleeding,relieving pain,strengthening bone,and protecting ischemic brain injury.In order to compare the metabolic features of Panax ginseng,American ginseng and Panax notoginseng,in this paper,the three decoctions were given in mice by oral administration and then the metabolic differences were analyzed,and the effective ingredients and pharmacological action pathways were also predicted by the network pharmacology,which laid a foundation for the further development of related drugs.1.The comparative study of metabolites in plasma after oral administration of ginseng decoction and American ginseng decoctionThe ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q/TOF-MS)combined with UNIFI scientific informatics system was used to detect the components in plasma after oral administration of ginseng decoction and American ginseng decoction.The difference components in the blood were found with Markerlynx Xs V4.1software by analyzing the data obtained from the Masslnyx V4.1 software.According to the experimental results,there were 11 PPD-type ginsenosides,5 PPT-type ginsenosides,and 3Ocotillol-type ginsenosides,which were differential components of ginseng decoction and derived from sapogenin plus a single sugar chain.As for the American ginseng decoction,the different metabolites were 3 PPD-type ginsenosides,4 PPT-type ginsenosides,3 Ocotillol-type ginsenosides,in which the sugar-free ginsenosides was the majority.The metabolites of ginseng decoction in mice were phosphorylated,sulfated,and combined with the thioine glutathione,While the metabolites of American ginseng decoction in mice was combined with the glutathione and cysteine.Using the study method of network pharmacology and combining the differential metabolites of ginseng decoction and American ginseng decoction,the mechanisms of different pharmacological effects were verified.Through the further analysis of database,8 and 9 action pathways related to the unique pharmacological effects of ginseng and American ginseng were found respectively,which preliminarily revealed the different mechanisms of the pharmacological effects of ginseng decoction and American ginseng.2.The comparative study of blood components after oral administration of ginseng decoction and Panax notoginseng decoctionSimilarly,the UPLC-Q/TOF-MS combined with UNIFI scientific informatics system was also used to detect the blood components after oral administration of ginseng decoction and Panax notoginseng decoction.The differential components in the blood were found with Markerlynx Xs V4.1 software by analyzing the data obtained from the Masslnyx V4.1 software.The experimental results showed that the differential components of ginseng decoction included 9 PPD-type ginsenosides,5 PPT-type ginsenosides and 6 Ocotillol-type ginsenosides,in which the main ginsenosides were the prototype of ginsenosides,while the differential components of Panax notoginseng decoction were detected including 8 PPD-type ginsenosides and 3 Ocotillol-type ginsenosides,in which ginsenoside derivatives with monosaccharide chain were the primary.The metabolites of ginseng in blood were phosphorylated and sulfated,which was similar as Panax notoginseng.Combining the research method of network pharmacology and results of the differential composition in blood with ginseng decoction and Panax notoginseng decoction,the mechanisms of different pharmacological effects were studied.Through the deep analysis of database,it was found that 6 and 10 action pathways related to unique pharmacological effect of ginseng and Panax notoginseng,respectively.The mechanism of the different pharmacological effects of ginseng and Panax notoginseng were initially revealed.