Comparative Analysis Of The Composition And Antioxidant Activity In Vitro Of The Water-Extract Of Panax Ginseng, American Ginseng And Korean Ginseng

Purpose: Panax ginseng is traditional precious Chinese medicine. It has widely biological activity.This subject studies on the water-extract of Panax ginseng,American ginseng and Korean ginseng. Analyzed the chemical composition of water-extract and extracted main component; measured the contents and consists for total saponins and polysaccharides;Discussed compositions of saponin in water- extract and composition of monosaccharide in polysaccharides;Analyzed the antioxidant activity of the water-extract and the main component.The subject aims at analyzing comprehensivly the water-extract of Panax ginseng ,American ginseng and Korean ginseng,and discussed the antioxidant activity in vitro.Method: The experiment primary analyzed different polarity chemical composition location of water-extract of Panax ginseng ,American ginseng and Korean ginseng by using GC,TLC and physical-chemical method; Measured the contents of saponin or polysaccharides in water-extract by using vanillin- perchloric acid method, phenol-sulfuric acid method;Extracting and purifying the saponin and polysaccharides by using macroreticular resin method and alcohol precipitation method;Analyzed the composition of saponin by HPLC.Analyzed the composition of monosaccharide in polysaccharides by using hydrolysis ofderivative. The experiment investigated total antioxidant activity and the activities of clear superoxide anion radical(O₂^-·), hydroxyl radical(·OH),and DPPH radical about all water-extract, saponin and polysaccharides respectively by using FRAP method, pyrogallic acid self-oxidation method, Fenton method and DPPH method.Nonlinear regression analysis of result has done and IC50 was calculated.Results: The water-extract of Panax ginseng contains saponin, carbohydrate,Vitamin C,Vitamin B1 and so on. The water-extract of Korean ginseng is general closed with Panax ginseng, but American ginseng has some appreciably differences. The water-extract of American ginseng didn't have saponin Rf and Vitamin C. But it has xylose which Panax ginseng and Korean ginseng didn't have. The water-extract of American ginseng has the most amounts of total saponin and polysaccharides .In the results,IC50 mostly between2 and 20 mg/ml,When calculate as original medicinal materials it's between0.1g and 2g.It shows that total water-extract, saponin and polysaccharides have some activity of antioxidant and the activities of clear O₂^-·,·OH,and DPPH·.Generally,the antioxidan activity in vitro of Panax ginseng is the most strong.Conclusion: The water-extract of Panax ginseng , American ginseng and Korean ginseng have much active substance,and the total water-extract,saponin and polysaccharides have fine activity of antioxidant. But different substance has different activity, it has relationship with types, composition,contents of components.The subject comprehensively compare chemical constituents with antioxidant activity about the water-extract of Panax ginseng , American ginseng and Korean ginseng.This result lay a foundation to illustrate relationship between pharmacological effectchemical constituents ,and provides a basis for people taking Panax ginseng , American ginseng and Korean ginseng by water boiling and also for the further development and application of them.