| Objectives To explore the prevention and treatment mechanism of halotherapy,and explore the best treatment conditions of halotherapy and the more specific indicators to evaluate the efficacy,and evaluate the effectiveness and safety of halotherapy therapy in the rehabilitation of pneumoconiosis.Methods 1 the male SD rats were randomly divided into model group,treatment group and control group.Andd the silicosis model of model group and treatment group was established by once exposure perfusion of trachea.The changes of body weight,BALF composition,pathological morphology of alveolar tissue and inflammatory factors were observed at 7,14,21 and 28 days.2 452 cases of coal workers’ pneumoconiosis and silicosis were selected as the research subjects in the multicenter clinical randomized controlled trial.According to the stage and complications of pneumoconiosis patients,two-stage stratified randomized grouping method was adopted,and they were randomly divided into the treatment group and the control group.The control group received regular basic treatment according to the condition of the disease.The treatment group was treated with conventional basic treatment combined with halotherapy.The baseline data of the patients were collected before treatment,2 weeks and4 weeks after treatment.The clinical symptoms and signs,lung function,changes of inflammatory factors in blood sample were observed,and the therapeutic effect of halotherapy on silicosis patients was revealed.Results 1 the results of animal experiments: 1)there was no significant difference in the color of the active hair in each group 14 days ago,and the rats exposed to dust 14 days later showed the phenomenon of hair covered,mental depression,etc.all of which were normal in the control group.The weight of rats in each group increased with time,but there was no significant difference(P = 0.14).2)In the control group,the appearance and staining sections of the lung tissue were normal.In the model group,there were white nodular lesions on the surface of the lung tissue.The inflammatory infiltration of the lung could be seen at the early stage of the section staining,and at the later stage of the alveolar septum with the production of silicon nodules.3)the number of cells in BALF in the three treatment groups was slightly higher than that in the control group.The number of cells in BALF decreased in model group,and the effect of medium and high concentration treatment was the best in 21 days(P < 0.05);4)Immunoglobulin IgA,IgE and IgM in treatment group were always higher than those in control group,and lower than those in model group(P <0.05).The content of IgG in the control group was better than that in the treatment group and the model group(P < 0.05).5)The levels of IL-4 and IFN-γ in the lung tissues of the three treatment groups were higher than those of the control group and lower than those of the model group(P < 0.05),and the therapeutic effect was better with the increase of the therapeutic concentration and the prolongation of the therapeutic time.2 The results of clinical study: 1)the cough,expectoration and dyspnea of the two groups were alleviated in 2 weeks and 4 weeks after treatment(P< 0.05).The improvement of expectoration symptoms in the treatment group was higher than that in the control group(P < 0.05).2)After treatment,the quality of life in the two groups was better than that before treatment,and the effect of improving the quality of life in the treatment group was better than that in the control group(P < 0.05).The effect of 4 weeks in the treatment group was significantly higher than that of 2 weeks(P < 0.05).3)MVV,FVC and FEV1% of the patients in the two groups were higher than those in the control group(P < 0.05).4)The number of leukocytes in the two groups decreased after treatment(P < 0.05).But there was no significant difference between the treatment group and the control group(P = 0.13).5)After treatment,IL-8 and IFN-γ in the two groups were improved compared with the two indexes in the control group(P <0.05),while the change of serum IL-4 concentration in the two groups was not statistically significant(P = 0.25).Conclusions 1 BALF cell number,Hyp,IgA,IgM,IgE and IL-4 can be used as early indicators of silicosis diagnosis.2 High concentration halotherapy with 28 days therapy can effectively delay the development of silicosis in rats,and has a good effect on the prevention of silicosis.3 halotherapy combined with conventional therapy for 4 weeks can promote the recovery of pneumoconiosis patients in clinical symptoms,quality of life,lung function and so on.Figure2;Table23;Reference 114... |
