Improved Design And Experiment Of Garlic Planter

As an important cash crop in Xinjiang,garlic is the main economic source of farmers in the main garlic producing areas.At present,garlic in Xinjiang mainly adopts the planting method of laying pipes and covering films after artificial on-demand sowing,which has high labor intensity and low production efficiency;The shortage of labor force and the lack of sowing machinery suitable for the agronomic requirements of garlic planting in Xinjiang have seriously restricted the large-scale and efficient development of garlic industry in Xinjiang.When the original garlic planter was operating in the planting area of Xinjiang,the following problems were found:(1)the positive bud rate of garlic seed was low,and the repetition rate and hole rate were high.(2)The planter lacks the function of pipe laying and film covering.In view of the mismatch between the existing garlic planter and the Agronomic Technology in the garlic planting area of Xinjiang,the following studies were carried out:(1)Measure the material characteristics of garlic in Xinjiang and improve the sowing mechanism.In view of the differences in physical characteristics between Xinjiang garlic and mainland garlic,the overall dimensions of Zhaosu garlic and jimusar garlic were measured,Zhaosu garlic was selected as the sowing variety,the center of gravity position and minimum crushing force were measured,the size of seed scoop of single seed picking mechanism was improved according to the overall dimensions of Zhaosu garlic,and the speed of seed picking chain was analyzed,The limit speed of garlic seed picking chain without falling off was calculated;According to the length dimension,center of gravity position and minimum crushing force of Zhaosu garlic seed,the structural size of the inoculation bucket of the scale bud direction adjustment mechanism was improved to speed up the scale bud direction adjustment speed without damaging the garlic seed;(2)Redesign the driving wheel.According to the soil characteristics of the main garlic producing areas in Xinjiang,the force of the driving ground wheel during walking is analyzed,the ground wheel structural factors affecting the slip rate of the driving ground wheel of the planter are systematically analyzed,and a new driving ground wheel is designed based on the advantages and disadvantages of the planters of different agricultural machines.Through the field test,the structural size of the ground wheel with the lowest slip rate is obtained,and the minimum slip rate is 5 %,The problem that the slip ratio of the ground wheel is too high during walking is solved;(3)Design the pipe laying and film covering mechanism.According to the agronomic requirements of garlic planting in Xinjiang,the pipe laying and film covering mechanism is designed on the original garlic planter based on the structure of the existing crop film laying machine.On the premise of meeting the lightweight design requirements of machines and tools,the ground axle and the frame of the pipe laying and film covering mechanism prone to deformation and cracking are analyzed by finite element method,and the strength and deformation are checked to meet the design requirements,The mechanized operation of garlic sowing,pipe laying and film laying was realized;(4)The field experiment of the improved planter was carried out.Compared with the original garlic planter,the positive bud rate of garlic seed is increased by 15.6 %,the repetition rate of garlic seed is reduced by 7.4 %,the hole rate of garlic seed is reduced by 22.4 %,and the slip rate of driving ground wheel is reduced by 17.8 %.The performance of pipe laying and film covering meets the relevant industry standards.After the improvement of the planter,the sowing performance is significantly improved,and the structure design of the whole machine is reasonable and meets the design requirements.