Rizhomorph Morphology,Growth And Interspecies Interactions Of Chinese Biological Species Of Armillaria

With the classification and identification of 15 biological species of Armillaria in China,the research on Armillaria based on biological species has been carried out gradually in China.The morphological information,growth characteristics of some of the BS and interactions between BS have shown incompletely.At the same time,Armillaria is a symbiosis strain of Gastrodia elata,and its growth and development are closely related to the symbiosis with Gastrodia elata.In this paper,eight BS of Armillaria in China were taken as objects,the morphological characteristics of BS were studied by bifurcation form,diameter,the number of the growth tips per unit length of rhizomorph,the biological characteristics were studied with Q₁₀,the interspecific interactions were studied from the overall and spatial distribution of rhizomorph during paired cultures and provide theoretical guidance for the identification of Armillaria in China and cultivation of gastrodia.The results show:In the aspect of rhizomorph morphology,there are differences in the bifurcation pattern of the 8 species of Armillaria species,the bifurcated form of CBS D and CBS M have monopodially branched rhizomorph,and the remaining 6 species have dichotomously branched rhizomorph.The diameters of 8 species of Armillaria species from small to large are CBS A（0.63±0.01）cm<CBS F（0.71±0.02）cm<CBS H（0.76±0.03）cm<CBS B（0.77±0.04）cm<CBS J（0.82±0.04）cm<CBS N（0.84±0.06）cm<CBS D（0.86±0.02）cm<CBS M（0.98±0.02）cm.The diameter of rhizomorph of CBS M is significantly larger than the remaining seven species,and the diameter of CBS D、CBS N、CBS J is significantly larger than CBS A.The number of the growth tips per unit length of rhizomorph of 8 species of Armillaria species from small to large are CBS H（0.43±0.07）<CBS F（0.52±0.04）<CBS B（0.53±0.07）<CBS N（0.55±0.06）<CBS D（0.61±0.06）<CBS A（0.71±0.05）<CBS J（0.88±0.32）<CBS M（0.89±0.06）.The number of growth tips per unit length of CBS M and CBS J is significantly higher than that of CBS H.In the aspect of biological characteristics,the growth rates of 8 species of Armillaria from small to large are CBS B<CBS M<CBS J<CBS A<CBS D<CBS N<CBS H<CBS F.The growth rate of CBS F,CBS H and CBS N are significantly greater than that of CBS D,CBS A,CBS J,CBS B and CBS M.The presence or absence of adjacent bacterial materials doesn’t affect the spatial distribution of rhizomorph growth of Armillaria species.The interspecific interactions between the two BS are reflected in two aspects:the effect on the growth indicators of the whole rhizomorph and the effect on the spatial distribution of the rhizomorph.CBS D-CBS F is antagonistic pairs;The CBS that is the only one CBS in the pairs that is not antagonistic are CBS A in CBS A-CBS H,CBS J in CBS F-CBS J,CBS A in CBS A-CBS F,CBS A in CBS A-CBS N,CBS M in CBS F-CBS M,CBS M in CBS J-CBS M,CBS B in CBS B-CBS J.CBS A-CBS M is synergistic pair.The CBS that have advantages for the occupation of the close proximity of the two CBS are CBS B in CBS A-CBS B,CBS J in CBS A-CBS J,CBS F in CBS B-CBS F,CBS H in CBS D-CBS H,CBS D in CBS D-CBS N,CBS F in CBS F-CBS M.The growth rate of 8 species of Armillaria:CBS A<CBS F<CBS M<CBS H<CBS J<CBS D<CBS N<CBS B.The growth rates of CBS A,CBS F,CBS H,and CBS M are significantly lower than those of other Armillaria except CBS J.The growth rate of CBS J is less than CBS B and CBS N.The temperature sensitivity Q10 values of 8 species of Armillaria species from small to large are:CBS N（1.358）<CBS A（1.452）<CBS D（1.468）<CBS B（1.492）<CBS J（1.565）<CBS F（1.613）<CBS M（1.621）<CBS H（1.685）,and initially considered zonal.