An Optimized Screening, Identification Of Armillaria Mellea Complex And Influence On Yield Of Gastrodia Elata F. Glauca

Armillaria mellea complex is an important worldwide pathogen,which has wide hosts and strong pathogentic ability.A.mellea complex has many unique characteristics,such as it is parasitism and saprophytism,also symbiotic with Gastradia elata and Grifofa umbellate.A.mellea complex is one of the medicinal and edible mushrooms with high economic value.G.elata is precious medicinal plant,which has the ability of curing children infantile convulsion,apoplexy and neuralgia.Furthermore,recent studies showed that it had some curative effect on senile dementia.G.elata is a very unusual plant.It has no root,no green leaf,so it can't be photosynthetic and absorb nutrients.A.mellea complex is absolutely necessary during the growth of G.elata,which provides most nutrients.So it is important for increasing yield and quality to culture optimized Armillaria strains.G.elata f.elata and G.elata f.glauca are two main varieties in G.elata cultivation of Jilin Province at present.G.elata f.glauca is of good morphology,excellent quality and higher drying rate,which has considerable economic value.So fourteen Armillaria strains were obtained by isolating and culturing from wild Armillaria fruit bodies and G.elata,collected in main G.elata production areas of Changbai Moutain of Jilin.Five optimized Armillaria strains were screened to cultivate with G.elata f.glauca.Finally optimized strains were determined and biological species were identified.Below works were chiefly completed,and correlated conclusions were obtained.1 Screening of culture media for A.mellea complex.Growth characteristics of the Ar-11 strain on different culture media were investigated,and mycelia biomass at different periods were measured.The results showed that rhizomorph of the Ar-11 strain on the peptone culture medium germinated fast and developed strongly, short full bottle time,and higher mycelia biomass were measured.So the peptone culture medium was screened for culturing the Armillaria strains fast.Higher mycelia biomass was measured when the Ar-11 strain cultured on the PDA culture medium at 25℃on the 25th day.It showed that the Ar-11 strain cultured on the PDA culture medium grew stably and delayed senescence.So it was used to preserve the Armillaria strains.2 The optimized Armillaria strains were screened.Growth characteristics of the fourteen Armillaria strains cultured on solid and liquid culture media were studied.The five optimized strains(Ar-04,Ar-07,Ar-11,Ar-13,Ar-14) were preliminarily screened,which were used for G.elata cultivation.The characteristics of the five optimized strains were further determined.3 The cultivation experiment was made to study the effect of different Armillaria strains on the yield of G. elata.the Ar-04,Ar-11 strains were screened compared to the control between bionics wild cultivation and outdoor-box planting.The conclusion showed that the Ar-04 strain exhibited significantly different(P＜0.05) both in two experiments.The Ar-11 strain exhibited significantly different(P＜0.05) in bionics cultivation, but did not significantly different(P＞0.05) in outdoor-box planting.4 Identification of the Ar-04> Ar-11 strains biological species.Mating test was determined between unknown Armillaria isolates and testers of the five Armillaria biological species in Northeast China on the 2% MEA culture medium.The results showed that the Ar-04,Ar-11 strains were defined as CBS B,that was Armillaria gallica.