Diversity Of Wild Armillaria Species And Screening Of Cultivated Armillaria In Western Hubei

Armillaria is a kind of basidiomycetes with important value.It is also a necessary symbiotic fungus of Gastrodia elata.In order to reveal the genetic diversity of wild Armillaria species in western Hubei province and species types of commercial strains of Gastrodia elata cultivated on the market,and superiority Armillaria strains were screened for Gastrodia elata cultivation.In this paper,45 samples of Armillaria from Yiling District and Wufeng County in Yichang City,Shennongjia Nature Reserve,Hefeng,Laifeng and Lichuan of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture were collected widely.On the basis of single spore isolation and culture,the species identification and genetic diversity of these Armillaria were carried out by mating test and molecular biology.At the same time,molecular biology technology was used to analyze the genetic diversity of 19 commercial strains of Armillaria in the strain market of different provinces of China.The growth characteristics of rhizomorph in dishes and fungus-growing materials,also the laccase and xylanase activities were compared.The results provided a reliable basis for screening Armillaria strains with eminent characters.Six different biological species of wild Armillaria in western Hubei were identified,including CBS L,CBS J,CBS N,CBS O,CBS F and Armillaria mellea.There were 4clades of Armillaria,CBS L with CBS N formed clade Ⅰ,CBS J and CBS O formed clade Ⅱ,the rest of the two kinds formed different clades.Among 45 samples of Armillaria,24 samples of Armillaria samples were identified as CBS L,which was the most widely distributed and the dominant strain in western Hubei;9 samples were identified as CBS J,which were distributed in Shennongjia and Wufeng areas;9 samples were identified as CBS N,which mainly concentrated in Wufeng area of Yichang.Among them,CBS O,CBS F and Armillaria mellea only collected one sample from Yiling District,Enshi Hefeng and Xiapaoping of Yichang,respectively.CBS L,CBS N and CBS O were first reported in Hubei Province,which vastly expanded their distribution range in China.Combining with the previously identified biological species CBS M and CBS P of Armillaria in Western Hubei,eight different species of Armillaria have been reported in Western Hubei,indicating that the diversity of Armillaria in this area is indeed rich.Through genetic diversity analysis of 19 commercial strains of Armillaria purchased from 9 provinces and cities such as Hubei,Shaanxi and Guizhou et al.Four different biological types were found.Among them,16 commercial strains of Armillaria gatheredtogether to form clade III,and the other three commercial strains gathered together to form clade V,which indicated that the diversity of these commercial strains of Armillaria was not rich,it could be the same source.By studying the rhizomorph growth characteristics of diploid strains of wild Armillaria and commercial Armillaria in dishes and fungus-growing materials.The biomass of commercial Armillaria was generally higher than that of wild Armillaria,but the biomass of Armillaria mellea in 18001 was higher than that of most commercial Armillaria.Acording to the activity of laccase and xylanase in Armillaria,it showed that maximum activity of xylanase in strain 16022(CBS N)was higher than other strains,and the maximum activity of laccase and xylanase in strain 16032(CBS O)was also higher than most strains.Based on the study of rhizomorph growth characteristics and extracellular hydrolase activity,the characters of commercial species were better than wild Armillaria species in western hubei in the mass.It showed that wild Armillaria strains 16022(CBS N),16032(CBS O)and 18001(Armillaria mellea)are of the potential value in western Hubei province.Their practical application potential needs further study.