Effects Of Sodium Butyrate On Growth,physico-chemical Indexes And Intestinal Structure Of Cyprinus Carpio Fed With Dietary High Levels Of Carbohydrate Or Lipid

The effects of dietary high levels of carbohydrate or lipid with or without sodium butyrate on growth,physicochemical indexes and intestinal structure of Cyprinus carpio were investigated in this paper,two two-factor experiments were respectively set up sodium butyrate versus high levels of carbohydrate and two factors for sodium butyrate versus high levels of lipid,a 10 week breeding trial was conducted with Cyprinus carpio,then measured of growth indicators,body composition,antioxidant indicators,blood glucose lipids,and villus length,finally,to study the analysis and interaction between sodium butyrate and high levels of carbohydrate or lipid,the effects of dietary high levels of carbohydrate or lipid with or without sodium butyrate on growth,physicochemical indexes and intestinal structure of Cyprinus carpio were explored,to provide a theoretical basis for the development of high levels of carbohydrate and lipid diets with a wide range of applications and reduced feed costs.The main research contents are as follows:1.Effects of sodium butyrate on growth,physico-chemical indexes and intestinal structure of Cyprinus carpio fed with dietary high levels of carbohydrate.A feeding trial was conducted to study the effects of sodium butyrate on growth,physico-chemical indexes and intestinal structure of Cyprinus carpio fed with dietary high levels of carbohydrate diet,Cyprinus carpio with an initial weight of(44.74 ± 0.34)g.There were 4 treatment groups: control group,high levels of carbohydrate group(7.5% dextrin),control + 0.5% sodium butyrate,high levels of carbohydrate + 0.5% sodium butyrate group.Each treatment group had 4 replicates,15 replicates each,fed 3 times a day for 70 days.The results showed that the growth performance of Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of carbohydrate decreased compared with the control group,in which the feed coefficient decreased significantly.After adding sodium butyrate,significantly affected the growth of Cyprinus carpio,and the final weight,the weight gain rate and specific growth rate were higher than those without sodium butyrate,the liver/body weight ratio increased in the high levels of carbohydrate with sodium butyrate;The the body lipid content was higher in fish fed diets with high levels of carbohydrate compared to the control group,however,the addition of sodium butyrate did significantly affected the body lipid(P< 0.05),the the body lipid content was significantlyhigher in fed diets with high levels of carbohydrate and sodium butyrate,but the the body lipid content was significantly lower in fed diets with high levels of carbohydrate and sodium butyrate.Compared with the control group,the content of serum glucose(GLU),the contents of serum total cholesterol(T-CHO)and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)increased after feeding high levels of carbohydrate,in which GLU and T-CHO had a significant impact.however,GLU and TG decreased significantly after adding sodium butyrate,and the contents of serum T-CHO and LDL-C increased significantly(P<0.05).Dietary high levels of carbohydrate significantly decreased serum catalase(CAT)and total superoxide dismutase(SOD)compared with the control group increased by 28.57% and43.40%,while serum malondialdehyde(MDA)decreased by 5.91%;Dietary high levels of carbohydrate significantly decreased the length of hindgut villi compared with the control group(P>0.05).When fish fed diets with sodium butyrate,the length of foregut,middle and hindgut intestinal villi increased significantly,compared to those fed diets without sodium butyrate(P<0.05).And the fish fed high levels of carbohydrate diets with sodium butyrate,the length of foregut,middle and hindgut intestinal villi increased significantly by 19.10%,59.53% and 32.84%,respectively,compared to those fed diets without sodium butyrate(P<0.05).In conclusion,the addition of sodium butyrate to diets with high levels of carbohydrate can improve the growth performance of Cyprinus carpio,and have a positive impact on the physical and chemical indexes of serum and intestinal structure.2.Effects of sodium butyrate on growth,physico-chemical indexes and intestinal structure of Cyprinus carpio fed with dietary high levels of lipid.A feeding trial was conducted to study the effects of sodium butyrate on growth,physico-chemical indexes and intestinal structure of Cyprinus carpio fed with dietary high levels of lipid diet,Cyprinus carpio with an initial weight of(44.67±0.20g).There were 4treatment groups: control group,high levels of lipid group(10% lipid),control + 0.5%sodium butyrate,high levels of lipid + 0.5% sodium butyrate group.Each treatment group had4 replicates,15 replicates each,fed 3 times a day for 70 days.The results showed that the growth performance of Cyprinus carpio fed with high levels of lipid decreased compared with the control group,in which the feed coefficient increased significantly.After adding sodium butyrate,significantly affected the growth of Cyprinus carpio,and the weight gain rate and specific growth rate were significantly higher than those without sodium butyrate(P<0.05),compared with the control group,the feed coefficient increased significantly after adding sodium butyrate,however,the liver body ratio dietary high levels of lipid with sodium butyrate increased significantly(P<0.05).The the body lipid content was significantly higher in fish fed diets with high levels of lipid compared to the control group,however,the addition of sodium butyrate did significantly affected the body lipid.Compared with the control group,the content of serum glucose(GLU),the contents of serum total cholesterol(T-CHO)and low density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)increased after feeding high levels of lipid,in which GLU and TG had a significant impact.however,GLU decreased significantly after adding sodium butyrate,and the contents of serum T-CHO and LDL-C increased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the content of serum catalase(CAT),malondialdehyde(MDA)and the total superoxide dismutase(SOD)decreased after feeding high levels of lipid,but those in hepatopancreas were increased,the activities of serum catalase(CAT)and total superoxide dismutase(SOD)in high levels of lipid with sodium butyrate decreased significantly(P<0.05).Dietary high levels of lipid significantly decreased the length of foregut and hindgut villi compared with the control group(P>0.05).When fish fed diets with sodium butyrate,the length of foregut,middle and hindgut intestinal villi increased significantly,compared to those fed diets without sodium butyrate(P<0.05).And the fish fed high levels of lipid diets with sodium butyrate,the length of foregut,middle and hindgut intestinal villi increased significantly by 22.59%,12.68% and 37.93%,respectively,compared to those fed diets without sodium butyrate(P<0.05).In conclusion,the addition of sodium butyrate to diets with high levels of lipid can improve the growth performance of Cyprinus carpio,and have a positive impact on the physical and chemical indexes of serum and intestinal structure.