Study On Influencing Factors Of Total Factor Productivity Of Raw Milk In Northwestern Dairy Industry Region Of China

As an important part of modern agriculture,dairy industry,especially with the constantly adjust of agricultural industrial structure,can not be underestimated for the development of agriculture and even economy in China.Our country divides the dairy industry development area into five major dairy production areas,among which Shaanxi Province,Gansu Province,Qinghai Province,Ningxia Hui Autonomous region,Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region and Tibet Autonomous region are the northwest dairy production areas of our country,and are one of the regions with great potential for dairy industry development in China.However,as an important part of modern agriculture,there are some problems in the development of dairy industry in China,for instance high production cost,unreasonable scale of dairy cattle breeding and low single yield of dairy cows.Therefore,it is of active theoretical and practical meaning to improve the production efficiency of dairy cows in Northwestern dairy areas and reduce the dependence of raw milk on other provinces and even international markets.On account of the theory of economic growth and the theory of total factor productivity(TFP),this paper analyzes the dairy producing areas in Northwest China,The difference of production efficiency of raw milk without Tibet was found:the milk production in the northwest dairy production area has the present situation of large input and small output,Total factor productivity of raw milk is still "extensive" mode of development,At the same time,the total factor productivity of raw milk is different in different regions,The total factor productivity of raw milk at different time points in the same area is different.Second,The total factor productivity of raw milk in 2004～2017 was measured by DEA—Malmquist index method,The results show that in the time dimension,Raw milk technical efficiency(EC)changes less,Technological progress(TC)and total factor productivity(TFP)of raw milk fluctuate greatly,At the same time,technological progress and raw milk TFP changes are fluctuating near the technical efficiency;There is a changing relationship between technological progress and technological efficiency.In the spatial dimension,Except for Gansu Province,Annual growth rate of raw milk TFP the other four provinces showed a downward trend.The study also found that,The technological progress and technical efficiency of raw milk in Northwest Dairy Industry affect the total factor productivity of raw milk,Among them,technological progress is the leading factor affecting the TFP change of raw milk,Effect of technology efficiency on TFP change of raw milk is relatively small;Technological progress is less volatile than technological efficiency.Again,A bidirectional fixed effect model(SLM)was constructed to analyze the influencing factors of total factor productivity of raw milk in Northwest dairy production area,The results show that the urbanization rate,the degree of rural marketization,the status of transportation infrastructure and the level of financial development have a positive and significant effect on the total factor productivity of raw milk,Rural human capital,industrial structure and financial support have positive effects on total factor productivity of raw milk,But not significant.Finally,in order to further improve the total factor productivity of raw milk in northwest dairy production area,the relevant policy implications are discussed.