| In high temperature area,Centennial Seedless grape is not easy to crack fruit,but its aroma quality is easy to be affected by high temperature,while that of Cuibao Seedless grape is less affected by high temperature.The effect of high temperature on fruit quality and the regulation mechanism of aroma formation are practical problems which need to be solved urgently in production.This study Centennial Seedless and Cuibao Seedless grapes as materials,test sites were set to turpan city shanshan county grape fruit research institute(high temperature area)and the comprehensive experimental field of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Anningqu(warm area),the analysis of two kinds of blades under different regions and growth of new tips and fruit containing substances,the differences between the aroma substance;The effects of high temperature on the growth,development,physiology and quality characteristics of the two kinds of grapes were clarified,so as to provide a theoretical basis for improving the cultivation conditions of Centennial Seedless and Cuibao Seedless grapes in the high temperature region and improving the grape fruit quality.The main research results are as follows:(1)The phenological period of Centennial Seedless and Cuibao Seedless grapes in high temperature region was 2-10 d earlier.The growth of transverse and longitudinal diameters of leaves,petiole length,number of leaves and thickness of new shoots were inhibited under high temperature.(2)The diurnal variation of net photosynthetic rate of Centennial Seedless and Cuibao Seedless grapes leaves showed a typical bimodal curve,and the peak appeared at about 10:00.The light compensation point in the suitable temperature region was 20% higher than that in the high temperature region,and its light saturation point and apparent quantum efficiency were lower than that in the high temperature region.The light adaptability of the Centennial Seedless grape was stronger in the high temperature region.The light compensation point of Cuibao Seedless grape in the high temperature region was 60% higher than that in the suitable temperature region.(3)High temperature promoted the content of MDA,proline,soluble protein,chlorophyll a and b in leaves of two grape varieties.The contents of SOD,CAT and carotenoid in the leaves of Centennial Seedless grape increased in high temperature area,while the content of POD decreased.The contents of SOD,APX,CAT and carotenoid in the leaves of Cuibao Seedless grape were decreased,while the content of POD was increased in the high temperature area.SOD content of seedless white chicken heart and Cuibao Seedless grape flower was higher at 40-64 days in high temperature area.The contents of SOD,chlorophyll a,chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll decreased at 88-100 days after high temperature,which promoted the increase of soluble protein,proline and MDA.The content of MDA in Cuibao Seedless grapes was high in the high temperature region of 76-88 days after flowering.(4)Vc content decreased and tannin content increased under high temperature,but had no effect on polyphenols and proanthocyanidins content in Centennial Seedless.The content of soluble solids and soluble sugar in seedless white heart and Cuibao Seedless grape fruits increased at 76-100 days after flowering in high temperature region,while the titratable acid decreased.At high temperature,the contents of amino acids,fatty acids and aroma types of seedless white grape decreased 100 days after flowering,while the contents of amino acids,fatty acids and aroma types of Cuibao Seedless grape increased 100 days after flowering.At optimum temperature,the aroma contents of geraniol,terpinol,dimethylsilanediol,1-octanol,geraniyl acetone,beta-purple one,octanal,tridecaldehyde,E-2-hexenal,octyl trichloroacetate,vanillin and octadecyl cyclonine-siloxane of the two grape varieties were higher than those in the high temperature region at 100 days after anastomosis. |
