Application Of Magnetic Resonance Imaging In Diagnosis Of Canine Intervertebral Disc Disease

Canine intervertebral disc disease,also called intervertebral disc herniation,refers to the annulus fibrosus rupture,nucleus pulposus herniation,compression of the spinal cord,causing a series of symptoms,which characterized by pain,ataxia,sensory motor paralysis,is a kind of spinal disease seriously harming to the dog’s health.Because the traditional category of disc disease is too large,this study only focuses on the intervertebral disc herniation.The intervertebral disc herniation is the spinal disease caused by intervertebral disc displaces which due to external forces or degeneration of disc cartilage and fibrous,then resulting in spinal cord compression and affecting animal life.Intervertebral disc herniation has epidemiological characteristics,but relevant research data are lacking in China.The diagnosis of herniated disc depends on imaging diagnosis.In the past,X-ray radiographs and myelography were commonly used in the veterinary for diagnosis,and there were several problems such as the lack of sensitivity and specificity,spinal cord injury risk and contrast agent allergy.With the application of advanced imaging in the veterinary industry,computed tomography(CT)and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)have become new diagnostic ways of intervertebral disc herniation.Because of accurately identification of type and severity for herniation,magnetic resonance imaging is regarded as the gold standard for the diagnosis and classification of intervertebral disc herniation both in human and veterinary medicine,and help the clinical diagnosis and treatment for diseases.But the application time of MRI is shorter in China,the related standard is lacking,scanning technique and diagnostic capability are limited.Based on this,1.5T high field magnetic resonance imaging system was used to scan the spine of standard beagle in this study.The study used FSE T1W,FSE T2W and T2_FS sequences,obtained the spinal MR anatomy images in sagittal plane and transverse plane at the intervertebral disc level,then labeled the main structures.In this study,magnetic resonance imaging was performed on patients with suspected intervertebral disc herniation in clinical neurologic examination,and 147 patients were finally confirmed.According to the MRI characteristic,intervertebral disc herniation can be divided into four types,namely intervertebral disc bulging,intervertebral disc protrusion,intervertebral disc extrusion and acute hydrated nucleus pulposus extrusion.Clinical symptoms and imaging findings of typical cases was described.In addition,the study also draftes the MRI scan procedure of canine intervertebral disc herniation,introduces the MRI scan procedure and diagnosis of intervertebral disc herniation types.Conclude MRI imaging characteristics of different types of intervertebral disc herniation in disc nucleus and annulus fibrosus signal intensity,spinal cord signal intensity and degree of spinal cord compression.The epidemiological characteristics of 147 cases of intervertebral disc herniation were analyzed.According to the research,intervertebral disc herniation has the species tendency,and chondrodystrophic breed have the high morbidity,especially in Miniature Poodle.The susceptible age is wide,and is related to the species.The incidence varied between different spinal cord segments,the most is in T3-L3 spinal cord segment.This study provides a reliable basis for MRI classification and diagnosis of intervertebral disc herniation disease and summarizes its epidemiological characteristics.