Study On Agricultural Reasonable Water Price In Ha Ma Tong Irrigation Area

In connection with poverty and the constant deterioration of the environment,water plays an important role in ensuring food and life security.Hence,it is a problem that needs extensive discussion and encouragement in order to formulate adequate water prices,especially in the irrigation sector,which has been identified as a key political mechanism for solving water scarcity and competition problems.In the past,it has been due to a lack of knowledge of its economic value Water has economic value in all of its competitive uses and should be viewed as an economic good.It is one of the important ways to protect water resources,to achieve effective and equitable use of water resources,and to encourage water users to:To save water.According to the government report released by Heilongjiang Province in 2021,during the14th Five-Year Plan period,Heilongjiang Province will promote the construction of agricultural modernization,achieve new breakthroughs and create a new model leading China’s modern agriculture.The Heilongjiang province,the main grain production in China is to receive the"ballast stone"to achieve national food security.The sustainable development of agriculture is related to the livelihood of people across the country.Irrigation of water i s closely related to agricultural production,so appropriately raising the price of agricultural water and formulating reasonable agricultural water price policies can not only save water resources but also promote the green and efficient development of regional agriculture.This paper takes the Hamatong Irrigation Area of 852 Farm as the research area,based on the purpose of formulating reasonable agricultural water price,the main research contents include:(1)Study on pricing model of agricultural water price.Refer to relevant literature,understand the advanced water price calculation methods at home and abroad in different stages,and have a detailed understanding of the calculation methods,application conditions,influencing factors,etc.According to the study,the calculation methods are full cost pricing model,marginal cost pricing model,shadow water pricing and other methods.Each method has its advantages and disadvantages,applicable conditions and different objectives.(2)Creation of a multiple target pricing model for water resources.In accordance with the current situation of water price in the irrigation area and the benefits for farmers,full consideration should be given to the sustainability of local farmers,the costs of suppliers and the allocation of water resources.In the full-cost pricing model,the reasonable water price should be 0.125 yuan/m~3from the supplier’s perspective.The cascading water pricing model takes demand side perspective into consideration to ensure farmers’enthusiasm for grain planting.The two-part water price method is used to determine the change of agricultural water price caused by the change of different agricultural water supply costs in the study area.Based on the two-part water price of basic water and metered water,a cascade water price model with the location of water conservancy facilities as the independent variable is established,and the basic water price[0.14 yuan/m~3,0.16yuan/m~3]and metered water price[0.09 yuan/m~3,0.10 yuan/m~3]are finally calculated.From the perspective of environment,the pricing model of water footprint theory finally achieves the highest utilization efficiency of irrigation water,with the calculated result of 0.38 yuan/m~3.The pricing model of farmers’bearing capacity is based on the maximum bearing capacity of farmers,and the maximum water price that farmers can bear psychologically is 0.34 yuan/m~3.(3)Through the comprehensive calculation of the four methods,a reasonable water price range can be obtained.The control range of water price is 0.125 yuan/m~3-0.34 yuan/m~3.In dry years,with less precipitation,farmers’income is closely related to the amount of irrigation.Farmers are encouraged to water a small amount of water to ensure the normal production o f grain,reduce the use pressure of irrigation projects,and raise the water price.In a wet year,when rainfall is plentiful,farmers use less water and can lower the price of water.Water will not happen overnight,directly increase may cause psychological pressure and economic burden on farmers,according to the actual situation and policy to adjust accordingly,this paper suggested to water price rise to 0.125 yuan/m~3,can ensure smooth running of irrigation facilities,and on the basis of the existing small improves the water price,achieve the goal of water saving.Finally,on the basis of setting water price reasonably,some policy suggestions are put forward.