Research And Application Of Two-part Water Price In Rural Water Supply Project

In China,rural water supply projects have the characteristics of large quantity and wide coverage,which has formed a relatively complete rural water supply system serving a population of 920 million.At present,the rural water supply is moving from the stage of large-scale construction to the new stage of emphasizing both construction and management.In particular,paying more attention to operation management.Reasonable water price formation and water fee collection mechanism are the key to ensure the sustainable operation of the project.The two-part water price can guarantee the stable recovery of part of the fixed and variable costs of the project and Make sure that the daily needs are met.At the same time,the water habit of water users can be adjusted to promote the healthy use of water and save water.It plays an important role in solving the problems existing in rural water supply project,such as low project utilization rate,large monthly change of water consumption of households,and difficulty in maintaining the operation needs of projects.But in practice,for rural water supply projects,due to the lack of relevant theories and methods,no clear two-part water price measurement method has been formed,and the lack of necessary theoretical support also leads to the situation that the masses do not understand and do not support two-part water price.By investigating the current situation of water price in rural water supply project,combining the two-part water price theory with the affordability theory of water users,this paper establishes a two-part water price calculation method suitable for rural water supply project in China.The main research results are as follows:(1)Make clear rural water supply project two-part water price applicable conditions.By investigating the current situation of water price of rural water supply project,and the application of two-part water price under different management modes,it is proposed that two types of rural water supply projects are suitable for implementing two-part water price:One is the project where the daily water supply is less than 60%of the designed water supply scale.One is that the hollowing out rate of the administrative village where the project is located is more than 36%.(2)Put forward a two-part water price calculation method suitable for rural water supply project.By systematically summarize the meaning,composition,classification and other research contents of two-part water price system,the main problems faced in the setting of two-part water price system in rural water supply project is proposed:First,there are many different opinions in the current research,but they are not unified,such as two forms for the calculation of two-part water price,namely,including basic water quantity and non-basic water quantity,and many opinions on whether the basic water price includes all fixed costs and how to set the basic water.Second,the current two-part water price calculation mainly considers the project cost,water user's affordability is not included in the formulation,which may be difficult to be accepted by water users.Based on these two points,it is proposed that a two-part water price calculation method suitable for rural water supply project,which includes two situations:the basic water charge that can be borne or not by users.And the key to the calculation of two-part water price in rural water supply project lies in the reasonable determination of basic water price and basic water quantity.At the same time,ELES model is introduced into the calculation of basic water price to calculate the affordability of water users.(3)And take the typical rural water supply project of Shaanxi Province as the object of measurement and verification.According to the method proposed in this paper,it is concluded that the basic affordability of local water users is 52.5 yuan.When the basic water fee of the project exceeds 52.5 yuan,52.5 should be used as the upper limit to calculate the basic water price and basic water quantity.By comparing with the current water price,it is pointed out that the current water price still has room for further improvement.