Effect Of Sowing Quantity On Yield And Quality Of Late Sowing Winter Wheat In Central Shanxi Province

In order to make clear the optimum sowing quantity of late sowing winter wheat under the mode of "winter wheat-summer sorghum" in central Shanxi Province,taking "Jintai 182" as the test variety and setting 6 sowing quantity level :225 kg/hm~2、300 kg/hm~2、375 kg/hm~2、450 kg/hm~2、525 kg/hm~2、600 kg/hm~2,were sown on October 31,2018.By analyzing the influence of different sowing amount on the growth and development,leaf physiological characteristics,yield,economic benefit and grain quality of late sowing winter wheat,this paper provides the basis for determining the optimum sowing quantity of late sowing winter wheat in the middle winter wheat area of Shanxi Province.The main results are as follows:1、The total number of days in the whole growth period of winter wheat under different sowing amount was the same.There was no significant difference in the number of green leaves on the main stem and the number of secondary rooting per plant under each seeding amount.The number of green leaves,number of stem per plant and leaf area index of the population were significantly different at the booting stage of wheat.At this time,the treatment with smaller seeding amount has a larger number of green leaves per plant and stem per plant,and the larger the sowing amount of wheat,the higher the leaf area index of the population.The amount of dry matter accumulation and grain filling rate of winter wheat were different under different sowing amount,the dry matter accumulation of winter wheat population with 225 kg/hm~2 sowing amount was the least,and the dry matter accumulation rate of winter wheat population with planting amount of 600 kg/hm~2 decreased obviously during the filling period.The seed filling rate of 225 kg/hm~2、300kg/hm~2 of winter wheat reached a peak at 15 d~20 d after flower,while that of 375 kg/hm~2、450 kg/hm~2、525 kg/hm~2、600 kg/hm~2 reached a peak at 10 d~15 d after flower.2、With the increase of sowing quantity,the chlorophyll content of flag leaf,inverted second leaf and inverted third leaf increased first and then decreased,regardless of whether the wheat was in stage or flowering stage,the MDA content showed an increasing trend,and the POD、CAT enzyme activity decreased with the increase of seeding amount.3、The economic coefficient was 0.47~0.55 under different sowing amount.When the sowing amount was 450 kg/hm~2,the yield reached the highest,reaching 6376.20 kg/hm~2.Under this yield,the yield to investment ratio of wheat is the highest,which is 1.84,and the economic benefit is the best.4、The wheat population with small sowing quantity has better quality.The protein content,wet gluten content,sedimentation value and hardness of winter wheat were 16.67%,35.5%35.5%,40.18 m L,61.78% respectively,which is of the best quality,However,the lowest yield under this seed quantity is 4550.91 kg/hm~2.5、According to the change rule of growth and development,yield,economic benefit and quality of late sowing winter wheat,the winter wheat with sowing quantity of 450 kg/hm~2 had the highest yield of 6376.20 kg/hm~2,along with good economic benefit.Besides,the grain quality of winter wheat under this sowing quantity is better,and the comprehensive comparison of each quality index is second only to the treatment of sowing quantity of 225 kg/hm~2,which accords with the requirement of high yield and high quality of late sowing winter wheat.Therefore,the optimum sowing amount of late sowing winter wheat in central Shanxi Province is 450 kg/hm~2.