Effect Of Fermented Moringa Oleifera By Monascus On Performance,Meat Quality And Fatty Liver Syndrome In Greenleg Partridge Chicken

This experiment used Monascus to ferment Moringa Oleifera and analyze its ingredients.Simultaneously,in order to study the effect of fermented Moringa Oleifera oleifera in poultry production,we added fermented Moringa Oleifera to the diet of Greenleg Partridge chicken.At the same time,the control group and the common Moringa Oleifera group were added for reference,so as to explore the effects of fermented Moringa Oleifera by Monascus on the growth performance,slaughter performance,nutrients utilization and meat quality of Greenleg Partridge chicken.This experiment also induced the fatty liver syndrome(FLS)of Greenleg Partridge chicken through high-fat diet,so as to establish the pathological model of FLS in Greenleg Partridge chickens,and further study the effect of fermented Moringa Oleifera by Monascus on fatty liver of Greenleg Partridge chicken,and hope to find out Molecular biological markers of fatty liver in Greenleg Partridge chicken.The test is divided into three parts.The first part is the production of fermented Moringa Oleifera and analysis of its nutrients.The second part is to add different doses of fermented Moringa Oleifera to the basic diet of Greenleg Partridge chicken to study the effect of fermented Moringa Oleifera on the growth of Greenleg Partridge chicken.In this experiment,400 healthy 1-day-old Greenleg Partridge chickens were randomly divided into four groups,each group consisted of 5 replicates(20 per replicate),which were control group,10% Moringa Oleifera group,and 5% fermented fermented Moringa Oleifera group,10% fermented Moringa Oleifera group.The trial was conducted for a total of 9 weeks,including a 1-week acclimation period and an 8-week formal period.From the beginning of the test,the production indicators were recorded weekly,including feed intake,daily gain,FCR,and mortality.The third part uses high-fat diets to establish a fatty liver model to study the effect of fermented Moringa Oleifera by Monascus on fatty liver in broilers.In this experiment,600 healthy 42-day-old chickens were randomly divided into 6 groups,which were control group,10% Moringa Oleifera group,high fat group,high fat+10% Moringa Oleifera group,High fat+5% fermented Moringa Oleifera group,high fat+10% fermented Moringa Oleifera group,each group consisted of 5 replicates(20 per replicate),the test period was 3 weeks.The results show that:(1)After the fermentation of Moringa stem and leaf powder by Monascus,the crude protein and crude fat respectively increased by 16.97% and 24.03%,while the contents of NDF and ADF respectively decreased by 19.06% and 13.70%(p<0.05).The content of some active substances such as total flavonoids decreased from 0.0109 to 0.0035mg/ml(p<0.05),while soluble polysaccharides and free amino acids increased significantly(p<0.05).In addition,Monascus also produced its own metabolites-Monacolin K and it had a concentration of 91.43 mg/Kg.(2)There was no significant change in the growth performance of 0-63 days old Greenleg Partridge chickens after using fermented Moringa Oleifera instead of some diets(p>0.05).The growth performance of the same dose of fermented Moringa Oleifera group was significantly higher than that of the unfermented Moringa Oleifera group(p<0.05).Fermented Moringa Oleifera can significantly increase the whole net carcass rate,half net carcass rate,breast muscle rate and leg muscle rate of 63-day-old Greenleg Partridge chicken,and also reduce its fat percentage(p<0.05),and the effect of 5% add amount play the best.Fermented Moringa Oleifera had no significant effect on the color and p H of the chest muscle and leg muscle of 63-day-old Greenleg Partridge chicken(p>0.05).However,fermented Moringa Oleifera can significantly reduce the cooking loss and shearing force of pectoral muscle(p<0.05),and the best effect is 5%.(3)Fermented Moringa Oleifera had no significant effect on the content of crude protein,crude fat and crude ash in the breast muscle of 63-day-old Greenleg Partridge chicken(p>0.05).Fermented Moringa Oleifera can significantly increase the concentration of UFA and PUFA,and can significantly reduce the concentration of SFA in the breast muscle(p<0.05).5% fermented Moringa Oleifera can also increase the content of 14 free amino acids in the breast muscle.In addition,the fermented Moringa Oleifera can improve the serum biochemical index and antioxidant capacity of 63-day-old chicken.(4)The broiler FLS model was successfully constructed by high-fat diet.The main characteristics were body weight,liver index,abdominal fat percentage and hepatic fat percentage,which were significantly higher than the control group(p<0.05).It is apparent that severe degeneration of the liver cells occurs in liver oil red O staining.Fermented Moringa Oleifera can alleviate the above symptoms.(5)The TG,TC,LDL,AST and ALT of serum biochemical index in the FLS model chickens increased significantly(p<0.05),while the LDL and ALT of serum in the group of high-fat+fermented Moringa Oleifera were significantly decreased compared with the high-fat group(p<0.05).High-fat diets significantly increased the levels of inflammatory factors(TNF-α,IL-6,IL-8,IL-1β)and immunoglobulins(Ig G,Ig A,Ig M)in the serum of Greenleg Partridge chickens(p<0.05).The fermented Moringa Oleifera can reduced them.At the same time,the high-fat diet increased the content of aromatic amino acids and branched-chain amino acids in serum.Adding fermented Moringa Oleifera to high-fat diet can significantly reduce the contents of Arg,Gly and Thr(p<0.05).(6)High-fat diet increased the expression of mi R-122-5p,mi R-15 b and mi R-19b-3p in serum and significantly decreased the expression level of mi R-155(p<0.05).Fermented Moringa Oleifera can reduce the expression of mi R-122-5p,mi R-15 b and mi R-19b-3p.When the dosage is 10%,the expression level of mi R-19b-3p in serum is significantly lower than high fat group(p<0.05).Conclusion: Fermented Moringa Oleifera can improve slaughter performance,meat quality and nutrient digestibility of Greenleg Partridge chicken.It has obvious enhancement impact on the nutrient composition and flavor substance of breast muscle in Greenleg Partridge chicken.In addition,fermented Moringa Oleifera also has an improved effect on serum biochemical indicators and antioxidant capacity of Greenleg Partridge chicken.At the same time,fermented Moringa Oleifera has a reversal ability to the FLS of Greenleg Partridge chicken;serum ALT,AST,amino acids(Arg,Gly,Thr)and some micro RNAs can be used as biological markers for early diagnosis of broiler FLS.