| With China formal entry into the World Trade Organization in 2001,China automobile enterprises subsequently achieved rapid growth.From the first year 2.37 million when entry into the WTO,the total sales volume soared all the way to the peak of 28.88 million in 2017.After that,the domestic market has slowed down in recent years,reflecting that the domestic market has changed from an incremental market to a stock market.After China entry into WTO,Chinese automobile enterprises have also accelerated the strategic deployment of "going out"(FDI).However,compared with developed countries,they are faced with disadvantages such as backwardness and industry barriers,and are basically in the initial stage of globalization."One Belt And One Road" initiative is the right time for the Chinese vehicle companies went out and played an important role in leading the future,the auto industry,as the representative of the manufacturing industry take a key role in many economies,develop foreign direct investment,especially through the "One Belt And One Road" countries,familiar with international market environment,Learning and absorbing advanced technology and management experience,Develop the innovative talents to adapt to international competition,and the international competitiveness of China’s automobile brands will be the important development direction of China’s automobile enterprises in the future.Starting from the theoretical research of foreign direct investment(FDI)in the existing literature,this paper sorted out the foreign investment theories of developed economies,such as Dunning OLI(Eclectic Theory of International Production),Product Life Cycle Theory,Oligopoly Response Theory,etc.This paper summarizes FDI related theories in developing countries,such as small-scale technology theory,technological change and industrial upgrading theory,integrated international investment and development theory,etc.It pointed out that the theoretical research on FDI of Chinese enterprises has not formed a widely accepted theory,and is more inclined to the research on the motivation,risk control and soft power of OFDI.In the last part of the literature review,this paper summarizes the existing literature on the "going global" of Chinese automobile enterprises,making a foundation and reference for the followup research of this paper.This paper analyzes the history and present situation of "going out" of Chinese automobile enterprises.Defining "going out" and the development of "going out" strategy in China from official sources.This paper briefly reviews the development history of China’s automobile industry,focusing on the detailed data to point out the current situation that China’s automobile enterprises are generally with large scale but not strong.For example,the market share of Chinese automobile in domestic independent brands is gradually expanding,but the development level of some key products,such as engines,electronic architecture and automotive chips,is uneven at home and abroad.In the international market,Chinese automobile enterprises are seriously inconsistent with the booming development of the existing domestic market in terms of export quantity and export amount.The total vehicle export has been maintained at about 1 million units in recent years,and the local vehicle manufacturing(CKD/SKD)scale is relatively small,which is in the initial stage.There is also room for improvement in the regulatory system relative to advanced economies.But on the other hand,from the current status of going globally status,there is also a positive side,For example,through the cases of existing enterprises going global and the overseas layout of key enterprises,it can be seen that domestic automobile enterprises have shifted from pure export to direct investment in developing countries,among which "One Belt And One Road" countries are the main recipient countries.The way of investment began to cover the four major processes of automobile manufacturing,and gradually began to invest in the overseas layout of research and development and sales in the smile curve of manufacturing industry,as well as the overall improvement of automobile product quality.This paper focuses on the development status of the automobile industry along the "One Belt And One Road",and provides basic analysis for the following strategy suggestions: First of all,the article summarizes the "One Belt And One Road" distribution of regional countries,including east Asia,ASEAN,west Asia and north Africa,South Asia,central Asia,CIS,central and eastern Europe,a total of 66 countries,points out the important initiative of "One Belt And One Road" is a dynamic concept,as the initiative for more countries to understand and accept,more countries and China signed a cooperation agreement,The number of countries along the "One Belt And One Road" is also changing accordingly.This paper takes the above as the basic framework,and the details should be subject to the announcement by relevant national departments.Then,through comparative analysis of the production and sales volume of countries along “The belt and Road”,it is pointed out that(1)the overall production volume of countries along “The belt and Road” is greater than the sales volume,and there are about 4.5million exports.(2)South Asia,represented by India,is both the largest producer and the largest sales region.(3)Central and Eastern Europe and Central Asia produce 2.5 times more than they sell.(4)The production and sales volume of ASEAN and CIS countries are basically equal.(5)West Asian countries import more automobiles than export due to the main domestic industrial structure problems.(6)China in East Asia has been analyzed above,while Mongolia has no auto industry production capacity at all,and its sales are completely dependent on a small amount of imports.Thirdly,the paper gives a regional overview of the automobile industry in the countries along “The belt and Road”.For other not reflected in the above literature review,the authors think that influence Chinese car companies in "One Belt And One Road" of FDI has made the analysis of other factors,including the car ownership per thousand people,the national infrastructure construction,the Gini coefficient,and the market environment,etc.,tries to use the latest data,provide the readers and later detailed reference.In the end,this paper makes use of the analysis above to briefly describe the development situation of international automobile enterprises today,and points out the development direction of future automobiles,providing the groundwork for the following strategic suggestions.This paper uses the model of Porter’s diamond theory,which is mainly used to analyze the competitiveness of a country or an industry in the world,and applied to the competition of Chinese automobile enterprises in the countries along the "One Belt And One Road".That is,from four aspects of the model(a)production factors,(b)demand conditions,(c)the performance of relevant industries and supporting industries,and(d)the strategic structure of enterprises and competitors,SWOT analysis is made on Chinese automobile enterprises’ “going out”,and the strategies are given,including(1)location choice;(2)Increase investment in research and development in enterprise operation,lean production,improve product quality,and enhance sales and after-sales service ability;(3)strengthen the construction of soft power,with practical actions into the local construction,especially into the people connectivity;And(4)pay attention to the cultivation of management team. |
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