Comfort Design Of Underground Space Based On Civil Air Defense And Fire Protection Requirements

In the 1970 s,the government has organically combined urban planning and construction with civil defense projects.Meanwhile,in order to improve the utilization rate of urban land,the space use mode of "combination of peace and war" has been widely respected.But at present,there are still some problems in underground space design,such as poor benefit,bad environment and low utilization rate.In addition,in order to meet the requirements of civil defense and fire control(CD-FC),the plan of underground space will be restricted,which will greatly reduce the comfort of its use.Therefore,this paper studies the comfort design of underground space based on the requirements of CD-FC through six parts.The first chapter is "Introduction".Through the understanding of underground space,design of civil defense,design of fire control,the research on CD-FC design in underground space is mostly in engineering technology,but it is still less from the perspective of space design and spatial structure,and underground space can no longer meet the functional requirements when put into use.At the same time,it is necessary to pay attention to its space comfort.The second chapter is "the summary of relevant basic theories".The research is based on many theoretical disciplines,such as architectural safety,architectural physics,architectural environmental psychology,architectural typology,etc.The basic theory of civil defense,fire control and comfort design in underground space is summarized.Based on the literature research,some existing problems are put forward.The third chapter is "summary of the key points and types of CD-FC design in underground space".The main points of CD-FC design in underground space are summarized.Taking "civil defense unit" as the "cell" of underground space,it can simplify the systematic space design.And the classification and function of air defense unit are carried out to discuss its applicability.The general measures of fire protection design and the Countermeasures of space design in fire protection are described,such as "indoor refuge place","fire compartment","refuge walkway" and so on.The fourth chapter is "analysis of comfort design method of underground space based on the requirements of civil defense and fire protection".Based on the requirements of CD-FC and the main influencing factors,this paper analyses comfort design method of underground space,and puts forward some comfort design ideas on the basis of the above: 1.Optimize the space structure and traffic flow line by means of "civil air defense unit + connecting port" to enhance the comfort;2.set up the landmark node space to guide the crowd to enhance the comfort The psychological safety of the system is as follows: 3.improving the internal environment(such as modern lighting technology,landscape lighting ventilation shaft,etc.)through reasonable natural ventilation and lighting design;4.combining new materials,technical equipment and comfort design of underground space(such as optical guide technology,new wind technology,artificial intelligence,etc.).Chapter five is "the design mode conception and fire simulation analysis of comfortable space based on the requirements of civil air defense and fire protection".Based on the basic function of "civil air defense underground commerce",combined with several "combination of peacetime and war" cases and the research of comfort design method in Chapter 4,a comfortable concept model of underground space based on the requirements of civil air defense and fire protection is proposed.At the same time,several typical space types are extracted from the model to carry out fire simulation experiments.Four scenarios are established by pyrosim tools: small space type air defense unit,medium-sized air defense unit,civil air defense unit with internal small atrium,civil air defense unit + civil air defense unit +non air defense unit,and fire source is arranged at different points for multi field experiments;smoke flow and temperature change are selected as the main elimination of observation Disaster prevention factors.Through the analysis of the experimental results,the concept of partial comfort design method is put forward: 1.Combining fireproof space with auxiliary function space;2.setting up intelligent smoke prevention cubicle at the connection port easy to spread smoke;3.combining personalized design method in public corridor to manage fire control in sections;4.setting up intelligent smoke control system combined with micro shared space.The last chapter is the conclusion.Through the research and discussion of the previous parts,the main conclusions of this paper,as well as the shortcomings and prospects of the research are drawn.