Research On The Causes And Countermeasures Of The Habitual Behavior Of The Collapse Accidents Of The Tall Formwork Supporting System

The construction industry is an important part of my country’s economic development,providing many jobs including first-line construction workers and construction management personnel.By the end of 2019,the number of construction workers across the country could reach more than 50 million.While the construction industry provides jobs and creates benefits,it also brings risks and accidents.Among them,the number of deaths and injuries caused by the collapse of the tall formwork support system is at the forefront of all types of accidents,and causes huge economic losses.At present,the prevention and research of such accidents in our country mainly start from the technical route,management level and one-time behaviors of behavioral reasons,and there is less analysis of the deep-level causes of unsafe actions.Therefore,it is necessary to conduct habitual behavioral reasons and countermeasures for the collapse of tall formwork support system.This paper uses theoretical analysis,behavioral safety 24 Model,structural equation model,analytic hierarchy process and other means to carry out analysis and research and propose preventive countermeasures.The main research contents are as follows:1.Using the behavioral safety 24 Model,36 cases of construction collapse accidents of tall formwork support systems were analyzed,and a total of 289 unsafe actions that affected the occurrence of the accident were identified.In addition,the reasons for the in-depth habitual behaviors that caused unsafe actions were studied.Among them,there were 218 unsafe actions caused by “insufficient safety knowledge”,250 unsafe actions caused by “not high safety awareness”,and “safety awareness”.There were 215 unsafe actions caused by "bad habits".2.In order to clarify the influence of habitual behavior reasons(safety knowledge,safety awareness and safety habits)on unsafe actions,a structural equation model of the factors affecting unsafe actions was constructed,including safety knowledge acquisition,safety knowledge application,and risk perception capabilities 7 latent variables,risk elimination ability,personal habits,environmental factors and action intentions,and define the content of each latent variable.3.The SEM method was used to verify the model by issuing the recovery results of 315 questionnaires to the construction site personnel.The verification results show that the standardized path coefficient of safety knowledge acquisition to action intention is β=-0.181,the standardized path coefficient of safety knowledge application to action intention is β=-0.168,and the standardized path coefficient of risk perception ability to action intention is β=-0.176,the standardized path coefficient of risk elimination ability to action intention is β=-0.156,the standardized path coefficient of personal habit to action intention is β=-0.292,and the standardized path coefficient of environmental factors to action intention is β=-0.181,action The normalized path coefficient of intention to unsafe action is β=0.663.It shows that it is reasonable to introduce safety knowledge acquisition,safety knowledge application,risk perception ability,risk elimination ability,personal habits,environmental factors and action intentions.The 7 factors can clarify the formation process of unsafe actions more clearly.4.Based on the previous research content,establish an indicator system of factors affecting unsafe actions,including a hierarchical structure of 6 first-level indicators and18 second-level indicators,and issue expert questionnaires,and use Yahhp software for analytic hierarchy process analysis.The results show that: Among the potential variables that affect unsafe actions,personal habits account for the largest proportion,and have the largest impact on unsafe actions in the construction of tall formwork,followed by environmental factors,and have the smallest proportion of risk elimination capabilities,and correspondingly have the smallest impact on unsafe actions in tall formwork construction.5.Based on the previous research results,formulate countermeasures in six aspects:safety knowledge acquisition,safety knowledge application,risk perception ability,risk elimination ability,personal habits and environmental factors.It is proposed to broaden the safety knowledge acquisition channels of construction enterprise employees,strengthen the practical application ability of safety knowledge,improve the risk perception ability of the staff,enhance the risk elimination ability of the staff,and enable the employees to maintain good personal habits and use environmental factors to carry out positive actions.Provide management suggestions and methods to guide 6countermeasures to eliminate unsafe actions in the construction collapse accidents of tall formwork support systems,and avoid accidents.