Research On The Functional Composite Design Of Public Space In Metro Station Area

With the increase of urban subway mileage in recent years,subway has become an important means of transportation for people’s daily travel.As an important place for people to travel and transfer activities,subway station not only meets the necessary functions of maintaining subway operation,but also undertakes the important function of connecting urban space,which puts forward higher requirements for improving the level of public service.Although some domestic scholars have also carried out research related to the comprehensive development of subway station area,the existing research results of design strategy still can not meet the needs of high-speed development of domestic subway.This paper summarizes the domestic research results on the comprehensive development and utilization of subway station space from the related architectural design theory and method research,and mainly combined with the actual use of Harbin Metro Line 1 which has been completed and operated,and the consideration of functional composite design of line 2 under construction,and explores the development trend of functional composite design.In the process of research,the passenger flow characteristics of line 1,the utilization of public space in the station,and the commercial integration status at present stage are investigated.Some examples of Harbin Metro Line 4 under planning and demonstration are cited in this paper to assist in analyzing the spatial characteristics of subway station area,the characteristics of surrounding environment and people’s travel rules,and to summarize the public space of subway station area On the basis of the development trend of functional composite,this paper studies the principles and Strategies of functional composite design of public space.In terms of principle,it is proposed that the design of public space function in Metro Station area should comprehensively consider the design principles of high efficiency of traffic flow line,multi meaning of space function and intensive use of space.The passenger flow in the subway station presents the characteristics of pulse intermittent density with the train entering and leaving the station.After the function combination,it will slow down the speed of passengers entering and leaving the station,prolong the time of entering and leaving the station,and damp the rapid distribution of passenger flow.Therefore,in the process of functional composite design,efficient organization of pedestrian flow and multi meaning and intensive expansion of spatial functions become important principles of design.In terms of strategy,combined with the related concepts and problems of the complex design of the public space in the subway station area,focusing on the design principles,supplemented by the actual case analysis,the corresponding design strategies are proposed.With the steady development of China’s economy and the acceleration of urbanization process,urban space resources are increasingly tense,and the car ownership is increasing.The ground road traffic congestion has become an important factor affecting travel efficiency.The subway is fast,punctual and with large carrying capacity,which has gradually become the first choice for urban residents’ daily travel.The demand of one-stop service is the external demand of functional composite design.On this basis,through the analysis of the user experience after the operation of Harbin Metro Line 1 and line3,combined with the preliminary conception and design communication of line 4,the design principles and strategies proposed in this paper are verified.It provides a solution for the future subway station space design,and is expected to provide a reference for the follow-up researchers to solve this series of problems.