Research And Design Of Space And Environment In Community Street Based On The Walking Safety For Old People

For old people,their body functions undergo degenerative changes of varying degrees.The constant changes in their physical features,sensory abilities and body functions lead to a decrease in their ability to adapt to and respond to the environment,leading to greater safety risks when they carry out activities in the environment.At present,China is facing the severe challenge of the rapid aging population.Home-based care for the aged,as one of the major national policies to deal with the aging population,putting forward new requirements for the construction of community,to make the environment more suitale for the elders.And the current environmental design standards mainly consider the aspect of barrier-free design,focusing on the demand of disabled people,which is difficult to effectively deal with kinds of old people with diverse environment requirements,and to support and encourage the them to conduct outdoor activities,and to improve the quality of life and health status of the elders by the environmental intervention.In addition,the relevant standards for elder-friendly design in the field of environmental design in China are still in the process of actively exploring and compiling,and a lot of research work is needed to provide reference for the formulation of these standards.In the above context,the paper,from the perspective of walking,discussed the needs and design strategies of the community outdoor environment to better suitable for the elders in a more detailed way,aiming to provide reference for the construction of elderly-friendly environment and the formulation of relevant standards.Taking walking safety as the goal,the paper interpreted the meaning of elderly-friendly walking environment in two aspects,including “pass through safely” and “stay safely”.Referred to the research methods from ergonomics,kinematics and environmental behavioral,the paper anlysis the two aspects including the "movement and posture" and "behavior" of the elders while walking,and built the research framework of community street and environment based on walking safety.Combined with adequately field investigation and comprehensive analysis of environmental behavior,the paper analyzed the detailed environmental requirements of old people while walking,and came up with six strategies for the design of the elder-friendly environment in community streets based on walking safety.The six strategies including planning and design senior priority road,integrated supporting facilities,steps and ramps to support access,clear signage and guidance system,sufficient and comfortable rest facilities,appropriate shading facilities.The main research contents include the following aspects:1)Basic Research: This paper systematically collected and analyzed the relevant literature from China and abroad,clarified the concept of elderly-friendly design,summarized the latest research results of walking environment for the elderly,and summarized the research progress and methods of various disciplines for the physical characteristics and walking needs of the elderly,so as to provide the basis for the follow-up research.2)Field Investigation: firstly,three communities of dadezhong,Daxin and yudaihao in Renmin Street of Yuexiu District of Guangzhou city are selected as the research objects,to investigate the basic situation and walking environment there.Secondly,combined with the tracking observation method and fixed-point observation method,the walking behavior and body movement characteristics of the elderly in the community were investigated,trying to explore the mechanism of their environmental behavior,analyzing and refining the walking environment needs of old people,so as to provide the basis for design strategy.3)Design Strategy Extraction: Based on the above research results,five principles and six strategies were put forward for the design of elderly-friendly community street environment based on walking safety.