Evaluation And Optimization Of Health Services In The Perspective Of Resilience In The Post Epidemic Era

Amman is the capital and largest city of Jordan,the country’s cultural,political,and economic center with a population of 4,642,411.Amman experienced rapid growth after its designation as(Transjordan’s)capital in 1921,and after several successive waves of refugees.This had led to the emergence of many problems related to services and increasing the pressure of using them.Population growth led the government to find solutions for this problem,one was by participating in the 100 Cities Resilience Framework(CRF)in December 2014 for Amman city.This framework meant to achieve four goals: infrastructure and environment,health and wellbeing,economy and society,leadership and strategy.By the beginning of 2020,the COVID-19 pandemic in Jordan was a part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease.As soon as reports about a novel coronavirus emerged,Jordan’s National Epidemics Committee and Health Ministry designated certain hospitals to treat infections and established protocols to deal with it.Amman recorded the highest number of confirmed cases since the beginning of the pandemic,which exacerbated the problem of pressure on health services.This study focuses on Amman center district,Al-Yarmouk,and Bader areas.It discusses the reasons which led to the problem of shortage of health services and challenges which people faced during the covid-19 pandemic period.It studies the evaluation of existing health services during the COVID-19 pandemic period and how to optimize these services in the post epidemic era in the perspective of resilience in these areas by providing strategies according to spatial planning which can improve the planning system for health services to overcome the epidemics in a better way in the future and prevent the infectious diseases spreading.The methodology comprises of primary and secondary data.The primary data consist of two types,qualitative which consists of an interview with ministry of health officers and urban observational Data.Quantitative data which consists of a questionnaire for the residents to evaluate the access of health services in their area.The secondary data consists of the same two types mentioned above,the qualitative data which includes articles,journals,books’ readings,papers,dissertation,newspaper,and case studies.Also,the quantitative data which includes maps from Great Amman Municipality,statistics from the Ministry of Health in Jordan and Civil Status and Passport Department.The results of this research are the evaluation and the improvement for the health services according to City Resilience Framework standards and spatial planning strategies to create expectations and strategies that may fit the requirements of future development in the cities systems and to regulate human requirements in terms of health,whether it is the availability or accessibility of these services.This study highlights the importance of resilient work within cities as the pandemic’s disruptions influence the citizens’ lifestyle dramatically,and to know the role of policymakers and urban planners in making urban areas more resilient places for epidemics and pandemics.Studying health services planning system in the perspective of resilience will help to address future pandemics and reduce the spread of infectious disease in cities.