Research On Physical Environment Optimization And Energy Saving Design Of High Rise Business Hotel Lobby In Hot Summer And Cold Winter Area

Hotel building has become one of the most energy consuming public buildings in China due to its large scale,complex functions,high requirements for indoor environment and heavy burden of full load operation and control.The Yangtze River Delta,represented by Shanghai,has a hot summer and cold winter climate.Due to the needs of economic level and business activities,the demand for hotel construction is higher.However,due to the need to keep warm in winter and prevent heat in summer,the energy consumption level is more prominent.The hotel lobby,as a transitional space connecting the indoor and outdoor environment of the hotel,has a large contact area with the outdoor environment,and the physical environment is difficult to control.Because of the design habit,it is often set as a high-rise form of shared space to form a large space,and the energy consumption level is further higher.At the same time,the hotel lobby space often represents the image of the hotel,but the boundary is fuzzy,and the subdivision and composite functions are complex,which are the difficulties in the design and processing.Aiming at the typical problems that hotel lobbies are generally faced with due to the limited consideration of green performance-based design,resulting in poor control of energy consumption level and poor effect of physical environment construction,this paper selects the representative urban business hotel lobbies with certain scale and relatively regular form in the hot summer and cold winter climate zone of Yangtze River Delta as the research object The typical space model prototype of hotel lobby is established by physical measurement and other research methods,and the current situation of its energy consumption and physical environment is investigated;The main design elements and experimental variables of the hotel lobby are sorted out and extracted from three aspects of space,interface and entrance gray space.Through the simulation calculation and analysis of the cumulative load,energy consumption and photothermal physical environment of the hotel,the correlation differences between the key design variables and energy consumption level and photothermal physical environment performance and the corresponding correlation mechanism are preliminarily revealed.On the basis of the relevant results,this paper summarizes and puts forward the single objective optimization design strategy of energy saving,light environment performance and thermal environment performance for different design elements of hotel lobby,as well as the design suggestions under the multi-objective comprehensive consideration.The results show that: Based on the goal of energy saving,the proportion,area,height,window wall ratio,section shape and plane length width ratio of the lobby skylight are the key factors;Based on the objective of physical environment optimization,six key factors are window wall ratio,exposure rate,orientation layout,plane aspect ratio and height;Considering the goal of energy saving and physical environment construction,the proportion of skylight in the lobby,the ratio of window to wall,the height and the comparison of plane length and width are the key factors in the whole design.Based on the above research,the overall design suggestions of the hotel lobby in the Yangtze River Delta hot summer and cold winter climate area are obtained: when designing the lobby space in this area,priority should be given to the control of the height and plane aspect ratio of the lobby,and the height and aspect ratio should be moderate;When designing the interface of the lobby,priority should be given to controlling the window wall ratio of the exterior facade and the proportion of the top skylight;When designing the entrance gray space,it is suggested to give priority to the control of the surface width of the inner concave overhead gray space,so as to ensure that the value of the surface width is between 1 / 2 and 7 / 10 of the exterior facade of the lobby,so as to ensure the better physical environment and energy saving effect.The above research results preliminarily reveal the correlation differences between the key design variables and the energy consumption level and the performance of the photothermal physical environment,and the corresponding correlation relationship,and propose the trade-off order and appropriate value range of the key design elements for the design of the business hotel lobby in the typical Yangtze River Delta hot summer and winter area,The purpose is to provide valuable design reference and basis for energy saving and physical environment optimization of related hotel lobbies.