Analysis Of Thermal Environment Characteristics And Energy Consumption Of Passive Houses In Hot Summer And Cold Winter Areas

The progress of human civilization has led to the continuous improvement of architectural forms and functions.With the increasing intensification of energy and environmental problems in recent years,the design and development of buildings no longer blindly consume energy in an uncontrolled manner in pursuit of indoor environments.In order to improve the design level of building energy efficiency and improve people’s living environment,passive houses originated in Germany,which are mainly based on passive energy saving and supplemented by active energy saving,have developed rapidly in China in the past decade.Due to the late start of the development of passive houses in China,the lack of relevant technology accumulation and design specification guidance,and the current demonstration projects are mainly concentrated in the severe cold and cold areas with similar climate conditions to Germany.Therefore,for other climate regions in China,especially the hot summer and cold winter areas that should consider both cooling in summer and heating in winter,the development potential and corresponding design strategies of passive houses need further research.This article aims to analyze the thermal environment characteristics and energy consumption of passive houses in hot summer and cold winter areas,and explore the corresponding ventilation design strategies to provide some suggestions for the development of passive houses in hot summer and cold winter areas.This article first introduces the basic concept,research and application development process and main technical measures of the passive house.Then,by analyzing the climate characteristics of the hot summer and cold winter areas,and the differences with other climate areas,the article uses the method of questionnaire survey to investigate the building energy consumption,indoor thermal feeling,residents’ energy saving awareness and other aspects of the hot summer and cold winter areas.In order to explore the thermal environment and load situation of passive house in hot summer and cold winter area,a comparative study ofpassive house and ordinary energy-saving building is carried out by combining the indoor environment simulation software De ST simulation analysis and experimental test.The development advantages and existing problems of passive house in hot summer and cold winter area under different seasonal conditions are analyzed.Based on the theory of passive houses,combined with local climate characteristics,a suitable ventilation design strategy was discussed.The study found that compared with ordinary energy-saving buildings,the passive house’s thermal insulation effect in winter is more significant.Under the effect of indoor heat disturbance and solar radiation,the passive house basically only needs heating for a certain period of time to meet the winter room temperature demand,and the heating time is significantly lower than that of ordinary energy-saving buildings.Passive houses have stronger ability to resist outdoor environmental interference,and the thermal environment is relatively stable.In addition,the annual load of passive houses is also significantly lower than that of ordinary energy-efficient buildings.On the whole,the energy-saving effect of passive house in winter is better than that in summer.Due to the excellent thermal insulation and airtight performance of the passive house in summer and transition season,it may hinder the heat dissipation of the room and lead to higher room temperature.Based on the analysis method of climate cooling potential(CCP)and De ST numerical simulation,the cooling potential of night ventilation in typical cities in different climatic regions is compared and analyzed.Although the cooling potential of passive houses in hot summer and cold winter areas is not as good as that in northern areas,the cooling demand is greater.By appropriately increasing the number of ventilation,the indoor temperature and building load can be effectively reduced.The cooling effect in the transition season is better than in summer,and due to the higher outdoor temperature in July and August in summer,the effect of ventilation cooling and cooling load is slightly weaker.It is not recommended to use night ventilation as the only cooling and energy-saving means.