Study On The Layout Optimization Of Rural Settlements In Maigaiti County Under The Background Of Rural Revitalization

Under the background of rural revitalization,farmers,agriculture and rural areas are still the topics of social attention.Reasonable layout of rural residential areas is the basis of rural land consolidation,and also the premise of rural diversified development.The study on the layout optimization of rural settlements in Maigaiti County can provide reference for the classification construction and village planning of rural settlements in the future,and it is of great significance to promote the long-term development of rural construction in Maigaiti County.This study uses the methods of average nearest neighbor index,spatial hot spot detection,nuclear density estimation,landscape index,distribution index and geographical detector to analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements in Maigaiti County and reveal the main factors affecting its layout.On this basis,the paper uses AHP to select 12 evaluation indexes to construct the suitability evaluation system of rural settlements.According to the suitability evaluation results of residential land,the development types of rural settlements are divided and the layout optimization strategy is formulated.The main conclusions of the study are as follows :(1)Through the analysis of the spatial distribution characteristics of rural settlements,it can be seen that the rural residential areas in Maigaiti County have the characteristics of agglomeration distribution as a whole,and the nuclear density distribution is dense in the north and sparse in the south.The scale of residential land differs significantly between the north and the south,and local areas show the characteristics of low-density large-scale agglomeration and high-density small-scale agglomeration.According to the analysis of landscape index,it is found that the rural settlements in each township present the layout characteristics of sparse and agglomeration coexistence.(2)In the analysis of influencing factors and driving factors of rural settlements distribution,it is found that the distribution of rural settlements in Maigaiti County is highly related to traffic convenience,the distance from towns and the distance from township centers.Within a certain range from roads,towns and township centers,the land area of rural settlements decreases with the increase of distance.Traffic convenience,the distance from township centers and the ratio of farming to gathering have a greater impact on the land density of rural settlements,while the distance from towns,traffic convenience and rural population size have a greater impact on the land scale of rural settlements.(3)In the suitability zoning of rural residential patches,the area of rural settlements in highly suitable areas,more suitable development areas,general suitable areas,unsuitable development areas and extremely unsuitable development areas are1274.91hm2,3239.62hm2,1075.56hm2,129.96hm2 and 16.71hm2,respectively.In the suitability zoning of administrative villages,the number of administrative villages in highly suitable areas,more suitable development areas,general suitable areas,unsuitable development areas and extremely unsuitable develop ment areas are 29,59,37,12 and 3,respectively.(4)Based on the planning policy and the suitability evaluation results of administrative villages,combined with the actual situation of each administrative village,the residential areas are divided into five types: suburban integration,characteristic protection,agglomeration promotion,relocation and consolidation and stable development.By constructing a weighted Voronoi diagram,the scope and direction of relocation and merger type rural settlements are determined,and the layout optimization strategy of rural residential areas is formulated.