| As the main type of reservoirs in China,small reservoirs account for about 95%of the total number of existing reservoirs.Most of them have problems such as long construction time,low construction standards,lack of management,etc.,which have become the weak links in China’s water conservancy industry.With the focus of China’s water conservancy work shifting to the general tone of "water conservancy project to make up for the shortcomings,water conservancy industry to strengthen supervision",the Ministry of water resources has carried out a series of reinforcement actions for small and medium-sized reservoirs,how to improve its operation and management standards and level has become a key problem.Therefore,the research on the evaluation system of small reservoir operation and management standardization in Shaanxi Province is helpful to identify the short board of small reservoir operation and management,improve the operation and management level,provide technical support for the evaluation of small reservoir standardization construction effect,and provide reference for the evaluation and construction of small reservoir standardization in other regions of the country,which has certain research value and practical significance.Based on the field investigation of 172 small reservoirs in 10 cities of Shaanxi Province,this paper analyzes the main problems and causes in the operation and management of small reservoirs.Based on this,the standardized evaluation system of small reservoir operation and management in Shaanxi Province is constructed,the AHP matter-element extension evaluation model is established,and four different types of small reservoirs are selected to carry out empirical research;Finally,the paper puts forward the countermeasures and policy suggestions for the operation and management standardization of small reservoirs in Shaanxi Province.The main research results are as follows(1)The necessity of standardized evaluation of operation and management of small reservoirs in Shaanxi Province was clarified.The research mapped the distribution,function and characteristics of small reservoirs in Shaanxi Province,analyzed the current situation and problems of reservoir operation and management,identified the main factors affecting reservoir operation,introduced the concept of standardization of small reservoir operation and management,defined the contents of the standardized system of small reservoir operation and management.The necessity of standardized evaluation of small reservoir operation and management in Shaanxi Province was studied.(2)The standardized evaluation index system for the operation and management of small reservoirs in Shaanxi Province was constructed.The relationship between small reservoir operation and management organization,object,content,target and guarantee measures is analyzed,and the actual operation and management of small reservoirs in Shaanxi Province is combined to identify and extract 5 major factors of organizational management,safety management,operation management,environmental protection and guarantee measures to establish a guideline layer,and 25 evaluation indexes are screened out to build a standardized evaluation index system of small reservoir operation and management in Shaanxi Province.(3)A standardized evaluation model for operation and management of small reservoirs in Shaanxi Province is established.Combining AHP with matter-element extension method,combining with the evaluation index system,five grade standards are established,and the evaluation model of small reservoir operation and management standardization in Shaanxi Province is constructed.The extension set correlation degree is used to evaluate multiple matter-element characteristic grades,and the matter-element structure is used to comprehensively evaluate and analyze the operation and management standardization degree of small reservoirs to be evaluated.At the same time,the evaluation mechanism and process including preparation stage,implementation evaluation stage and result feedback stage are established to provide method and path support for typical case study.(4)Four small reservoirs in Shaanxi Province were selected for a typical case study.Using field research data and expert questionnaire information as the basis data,the standardized evaluation of small reservoir operation and management was carried out,and the research results show that the standardization level of GW and ZZZ reservoirs are both "good",while TJH and MXG reservoirs are in the "poor transformation "state,in line with the actual management unit impact management level.The standardization level of operation and management of small(1)reservoirs of special management units is high.The organization and management level of small(2)reservoirs directly managed by special management units of small(2)reservoirs is higher than that of small(2)reservoirs managed by villages.The overall operation and management level of small(1)reservoirs is higher than that of small(2)reservoirs.Based on this,the relevant countermeasures and suggestions to deepen the reform of the operation and management system of small reservoirs in Shaanxi Province,improve the operation and management level,and accelerate the promotion of standardized construction are proposed. |
