Research On Water-pass Architecture In Ancient Chinese Cities

The thesis is based on the development and construction of the ancient Chinese city’s water-pass architecture.Through the analysis of archaeological excavation reports and historical documents,the thesis applies the multidisciplinary cross-research methods of archaeology,architecture,statistics,and history to study the type,origin,function,form,scale,and structural characteristics of the ancient Chinese city’s waterpass architecture.The thesis,by consulting a large number of ancient books and documents,combined with field research,has made a statistical classification of the types of ancient Chinese water-pass architecture,focusing on the characteristics of culverts and water gates at different times and in different geographical contexts,to add a missing link to the study of Chinese water-pass architecture.The full text is divided into five chapters,which study the ancient Chinese waterpass architecture from multiple perspectives such as the vertical development history and the type of form and characteristics.The first chapter is an introductory section,which begins with a description of the background,the purpose and significance of the research,relevant research results,research objects and concepts,and a brief overview of the current state of research.In the second chapter,the development of water-pass architecture,represented by culverts and water gates,is divided into three major stages in the historical period:origin and embryonic stage,development and maturity stage,and diversified type stage.And using time as a clue,the "origin and prototype" stage of culverts and watergate facilities before Qin dynasty is combed vertically to clarify the development pulse of different types of culverts and water gate facilities.Then,using the main types of the period as an entry point,it summarizes the geographical distribution,shape and construction characteristics of open gaps on the wall,arch culverts and flat beam gates.Chapter 3 also uses time as a clue to vertically comb through the "development and maturity" stage from Qin to Yuan dynasty,and to clarify the development of different types of culverts and water gate facilities under that period.Then take the main culverts and water gate facilities of the period as the entry point,namely culverts,arch culverts and arch water gates,and summarize their geographical distribution,form and construction characteristics.The fourth chapter compares the development and evolution of various types of culverts and water gate facilities under the "various types" stage of the Ming and Qing dynasties,and summarizes the geographical distribution characteristics and form characteristics of culverts,arch culverts,single-arch water gates and multi-arch water gates in the Ming and Qing dynasties,and restores them to the construction strategy.In Chapter 5,we analyze and study the construction characteristics of the typical arche water gate,the Zhenzhou east water gate in Yizheng,and restore its architectural form according to the type characteristics and period characteristics.From the perspective of historical development,the conclusion of Chapter 6summarizes the three stages of development of culverts and water gate facilities,and finds that the changes in their form are dynamic,from simple to delicate,from small to large,from simple to complex;and from the perspective of geographical environment,it is considered that their distribution areas are concentrated in the Yangtze River,Yellow River and coastal areas,indicating that the development of cities cannot be separated from water sources;and finally,from the perspective of architectural restoration,the paper discusses the cognition from archaeology to architectural restoration methods,and considers historical facts as an important basis for architectural restoration.Also present the shortcomings of the thesis research.