Study On The Education Of Jing-Han Railway Workers In The Period Of The Republic Of China (1920-1937)

The railway traffic was introduced into China with the invasion of western powers in the late Qing Dynasty.As the first industrial revolution created by the advanced production technology,gradually formed throughout the country’s railway transport network.The railway employs hundreds of thousands of people,most of them workers.The main characteristics of this group are its wide sources,low level of cultural quality,lack of practical skills and poor living conditions.This not only affects the production efficiency of railway transport,but also hinders social harmony,stability and progress of civilization.Targeted education of railway workers can promote the popularization of education and help the development of railway undertakings.Construction of the Beijing-Han Railway began in 1896 and was fully open to traffic in1906.It is one of the longest railway lines running through the north and south in China.The number of workers required for road construction and daily operation of the line accounts for about 20 per cent of the total number of railway workers in the country and constitutes an important part of the Labour force.Most of them come from bankrupt farmers and artisans,quite a few people have not received education,illiteracy rate is more than half,the development of worker education has become a top priority.During the Period of The Republic of China,the employee education in Jing-Han Railway was initiated early,with large scale,rich forms and diverse contents,and various management mechanisms were relatively sound.Therefore,whether it is the background of the initiation or the course of the establishment,the employee education of Jing-Han Railway is very representative among all kinds of employee education,and the achievements it has made are remarkable.Moreover,it has a very important historical reference significance for the education and training of railway employees in China today.