Life Cycle Assessment Of Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle

Hydrogen fuel cell vehicle(HFCV),as a key branch of new energy vehicles,is an important direction for the sustainable development of the future automobile industry.It has the advantages of long endurance,high energy conversion rate,low noise and zero emission,but it also faces many problems,such as energy efficiency,environmental impact,safety challenges,cost pressure,etc.Therefore,this paper quantifies the energy consumption,emissions,and cost of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles during the life cycle.The research results have important reference value for exploring the technical route and industrial route of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in the future.The paper takes the Toyota Mirai hydrogen fuel cell vehicle as the research object.By using the life cycle assessment method,a mathematical evaluation model of resource depletion and environmental impact is established in four stages: raw material acquisition,manufacturing and assembly,use and scrap recycling.Determine the list of materials,processes and energy consumption involved in each stage,and then establish the Gabi model.Thus,a complete life cycle assessment model of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles is constructed.The results list of mineral resource consumption,energy consumption and environmental emissions is calculated,and the results are processed and analyzed by CML2001.Based on the above research,the impacts of power structure change and hydrogen production process on HFCV life cycle energy consumption and emissions are further studied by scenario simulation method.Simultaneously,battery electric vehicle(BEV)and internal combustion engine automobile(ICEV)are selected for the life cycle assessment comparison with HFCV.On the basis of life cycle assessment,the paper is further extended to the research of HFCV life cycle cost.The life cycle cost of HFCV is analyzed from the three perspectives of enterprise,user and society,and the multi-angle hydrogen fuel cell vehicle life cycle cost model is established to measure the cost.Then,sensitive impact factors are extracted for sensitivity analysis.According to the results of resource depletion,HFCV consumes the most mineral resources in the raw material acquisition stage and fossil energy in the use stage,and natural gas consumption is the largest among fossil energy.From the results of environmental impact,HFCV environmental impact is mainly concentrated in the raw material acquisition stage,followed by the use stage,manufacturing and assembly stage,and the scrap recycling stage has a positive effect on environmental impact.Judging from the results of the scenario simulation,the degree of power structure optimization to reduce the potential of environmental impact is as follows: AP,POCP,GWP,EP,ADP(f),HTP,while the ADP(e)value increases instead.Steam methane reforming is the most energy-saving and environmental protection method among the four hydrogen production processes studied,and electrolytic water method is the worst.The methane steam reforming process is the most energy-saving and environmentally friendly one among the four hydrogen production processes studied,and the electrolytic water process has the worst performance.From the comparative analysis results,the potential value of mineral resource depletion is: HFCV> BEV> ICEV,the potential value of fossil energy depletion is: ICEV> HFCV> BEV,and the comprehensive potential value of environmental impact: HFCV> BEV> ICEV.From the results of life cycle cost research,the HFCV cost has no advantages from all perspectives at present.The purchase price of vehicles and government subsidies have a significant impact on the life cycle cost of vehicles,and the hydrogen price has a relatively small impact on the life cycle cost of vehicles.