Shared Parking Spaces Allocation For Urban Residential Areas Based On Time Window Constraint

With the development of Internet,GPS,mobile payment and other technologies,parking spaces reservation and sharing in residential areas has become a new idea to alleviate regional parking difficulties.Due to the existence of heterogeneity of parking resources in residential areas,it is necessary to accurately grasp the demand,establish scientific shared parking pricing scheme and spaces matching to implement the parking sharing.Based on ensuring the demand of users of the shared parking spaces,The parking demand should be effectively regulated to improve the utilization rate of shared parking spaces.In view of the above requirements,this paper takes the shared parking spaces of residential area as the research object and the shared parking spaces allocation model and optimal parking pricing are studied considering theheterogeneity of shared parking spaces time window in residential area.The study can improve the feasibility of the implementation of the parking sharing measure,help to activate the resources of urban parking facilities and alleviate the parking problem.This paper has sorted out the basic theory of shared parking space in urban residential areas.The feasibility of shared parking is analyzed from four aspects:theory,technology,policy and society.From the perspectives of parking space providers(O-user,namely the private parking space owner),parking space user(P-user,namely preliminary public user,and R-user,namely random arriving user)and parking space managers,the static allocation mechanism of shared parking spaces under full reservation mode and the dynamic allocation mechanism of shared parking spaces under incomplete reservation mode are discussed.In terms of the parking price(long time and short time parking price)and parking spaces repurchase cost,the static optional allocation model(SOA Model)for shared parking space is constructed and the graph coloring algorithm is designed.The allocation strategy of SOA model is compared with that of conventional FCFS through numerical experiments.The results show that comparing with FCFS model,the utilization rate and the profit rate with SOA model can be increasedby 10.27%and 8.57%respectively,which verifies the practicability of SOA model.The system utilities(parking utilization rate,profit rate,acceptance rate and net revenue)of shared parking space allocation are discussed under different scale of supply and demand(small,medium and large shared parking lots),different parking prices and parking spaces repurchase costs.The results show that under different price schemes,with the growth of parking demand,the profit rate can be divided into three stages:rapid growth,slow growth and stabilization.When the utilization rate reaches 70%,that is,the average utilization rate of the public parking lot,the highest acceptance rate 60%can be obtained under the shared parking spaces configuration of supply N=200 and demand M=600.The manager can obtain 10%generally acceptable profit rate under the parking price scheme(P_s=8,P_s’=5,P_b=4).In terms of the parking price and the parking spaces repurchase cost,the dynamic optional allocation model(DOA Model)for shared parking space is establised and the graph coloring algorithm is designed to solve it at intervals of one hour.The system utilities of shared parking space dynamic allocation are discussed under different sizes of supply and demand,different parking prices and parking spaces repurchase costs,and different reservation proportion of shared parking spaces.The results show that under different price schemes,with the growth of parking demand,the profit rate can be divided into two stages:rapid growth and stabilization.When the reservation proportion is 0.5 and the utilization rate reaches 70%,the highest acceptance rate 50%can beobtained underthe supply N=100 and the demand(M+M’)=450.With the increase of P-user reservation proportion,the scale of shared parking spaces supply and demand to reach the utilization rate 70%gradually decreases,and parking demand(M+M’)is about 4-6 times of the size of the supply N.When the price scheme is(P_s=7,P_s’=5,P_b=4)and(P_s=7,P_s’=6,P_b=4),a generally acceptable profit rate of 10%can be obtained by the manager under the low reservation proportion 0 and 0.25 and the high reservation proportion 0.5,0.75 and 1,respectively.When the reservation proportion is1,the results of DOA model and SOA model show that:When the utilization rate reaches 70%,the required supply and demand configuration scale of SOA model is(N=200,M=600),which is less than that of DOA model.The acceptance rate of the SOA model is 60%,which is 50%higher than the DOA model.The gap between short-term and long-term parking prices in the pricing scheme of the SOA model is larger than that of DOA model.The profit rate of the DOA model is 14%and net revenue is1061 yuan,which is 33.97%and 67.35%higher than the SOA model,respectively,which indicaterd the operating income of managers with DOA model is higher.The results of this study can be used to promotethe parking policy,improve the revenue of managers and the utilization rate of parking sharing spaces,and alleviate the parking difficulty.