The Study On Shared Parking Slots Allocation Model For Residential Areas Based On Time Window Constraint

Due to the increasing number of urban motor vehicles and the shortage of parking facilities,the problem of "parking difficulties" has become a common problem in big cities.The parking facilities in residential areas are characterized by large stock and obvious tidal characteristics which has led to a lot of idle parking in the daytime.In the Internet environment,the reservation of shared parking slot mode based on mobile application can realize the optimization and utilization of this part of resources by means of information management,which is of great significance to relieve urban parking problems.First of all,based on the summary of the current researches,this paper divides the sharing parking allocation mode into two kinds:the real-time mode and the regular-time mode.In this paper,the private parking slots in residential area are selected as the research object.And a system service framework is proposed which is based on the parking management cloud platform and takes operation managers,parking supply users and parking demand users as core elements.The application function and influence factors of each element in this mode are analyzed,and the feasibility of its implementation in residential area is also discussed.All the above lays a theoretical foundation for the real-time model and the regular-time model.According to the phenomenon that the free time of parking slots in residential areas is characterized by fragmentation,this paper considers the time window constraint for parking slot allocation and discretizes the time uniformly into an equal length interval and uses a 0-1 variable to represent the user's demand state and parking slot.Based on those,this paper studies the real-time and regular-time sharing parking allocation method based on time window constraint.The real-time model is based on the service mode of first-come-first-serve and gives a dynamic response to users' requests.Considering the impact of convenience,parking rate,and safety on the parking choice of customers,this paper introduces the method of multi-objective decision weighting based on fuzzy preference,constructs a weighted evaluation function for parking lots and proposes a 0-1 programming model for real-time shared parking slot allocation with maximum user utility.Finally,the design of model solution is based on the branch and bound algorithm,which includes the allocation process of weight calculation,parking slot status update and other steps.The regular-time model adopts the mode of periodic service.In this mode,all of the parking requests received during the previous service cycle will be allocated at a particular decision time point.The essence of this allocation problem is the specialassignment problem of adding time window constraint and optional parking constraint.In consideration of operation revenue and the cost of user travel time,the model also introduces the penalty cost of refusing users' requests by introducing the rejection penalty factor.And a 0-1 programming model for the allocation of sharing parking slot in real-time mode with the objection of maximizing the system benefit is constructed.In addition,according to the characteristics of the model,a genetic simulated annealing algorithm is designed to solve the large-scale problem of the model.At last,the allocation of shared parking slots for the Foshan Chinese Medicine hospital and its surrounding residential areas are combined to carry out practical application and verification.Based on the analysis of project supply and demand characteristics,the basic data preparation of the model is completed.Two models are used to solve the problem with different number of requests,and the validity of the two models and the algorithm is verified.The characteristics and applicability of the two models are analyzed by comparing the results of two models under different supply and demand conditions.