Research On Spatial Optimization Model Of Traditional Villages Based On Migration Behavior

Under the background of rapid urbanization,the phenomenon of "hollowing out" of traditional villages has become increasingly prominent,and traditional dwellings have been damaged to varying degrees.The change of villagers’ migration behavior in traditional villages is the decisive factor in the evolution of village space.Studying the migration behavior of villagers is of great significance to the optimization of traditional village space.Starting from the characteristics of villagers’ migration behavior,this paper constructs a traditional village space optimization model,and carries out practical exploration based on the Heping Village.Firstly,the paper analyzes the migration behavior of villagers in traditional villages and its influencing factors.Through the questionnaire survey,180 valid questionnaires are obtained,and the questionnaire is analyzed by SPSS software.The results show that the proportion of villagers who choose to build houses in the original homestead,to build houses in the new homestead outside the village and to buy houses in the county town respectively are 48%,21% and 31%.This indicates that about 1/3 of the villagers intend to move to the city.Based on ANN neural network model,the factors affecting the villagers’ migration behavior are studied.It mainly includes family algebra,education level,transportation,income sources,satisfaction with environmental conditions in the villages,income level and so on,and ranks the importance of the influencing factors.Secondly,the traditional village space optimization model is constructed.On the basis of the research on the behavior characteristics of villagers’ migration,the minimum cumulative resistance model(MCR)is introduced to explore the configuration of village space.From the four aspects of migration behavior,management system,topography and geomorphology,distance factors,12 factors are selected as resistance factors,and a spatial resistance index system is established.Based on a large number of references and statistical analysis methods,the resistance values of each factor are determined.AHP is used to determine the weights of each factor.With the help of Arcgis operation platform,the resistance surface for the expansion of traditional villages is established.By using the "distance analysis" tool of Arcgis,the multi-scenario simulation of village space is completed,which intuitively shows the growth scenario of village space under different value orientation.Thirdly,taking the Heping Village as an example,the application of spatial optimization model is discussed.Based on the analysis of the characteristics of migration behavior and the mathematical model,the total demand for village space in the Heping Village in 2030 is predicted.Taking MCR as the core model of space allocation,five scenarios oriented by migration behavior,management system,topography and landform,distance factor and overall consideration are simulated respectively.Based on the interests of managers,villagers and planners,a scheme evaluation system is established to evaluate each scenario scheme in real time.Finally,the scheme with the highest overall satisfaction is obtained.This study analyzes the characteristics of villagers’ migration behavior in the transitional period,and constructs an optimization model of village space,which is conducive to improving the methods of traditional village planning and design.Under the premise of fully protecting the traditional village landscape,the design of the village space is more reasonable and more orderly,thus providing a positive reference for rural revitalization.