Research On Fire Risk Management Of Underground Stations In Rail Transit Operation

The rail transit construction is developing faster and faster with the continuous intensification of China’s urbanization process,regional integration and progressive urban agglomeration construction.China has proposed to speed up the process of transportation power to build a convenient and efficient rail transit route network in urban agglomerations,to accelerate the network of urban rail transit lines,and to promote the orderly and high-quality development of urban rail transit.At present,there are nearly fifty cities have built and operated urban rail transit across the country.Rail transit is not only convenient for people in modern society to travel,but also solves many problems such as serious traffic congestion and serious pollution effectively and completely,moreover it can promote the development of economy along the routes.However,because of large flow of people,high density of passengers,in particular,closed Spaces,poor ventilation conditions and long evacuation routes in underground stations,once there is a fire breaks out if the equipment malfunction or rescue work was delayed,it may directly cause casualties,economic losses and serious social impact.Therefore,it is necessary to identify,analysis and evaluation the fire risk in underground stations of rail transit operation scientifically and comprehensively,meanwhile to put forward methods and measures to prevent the occurrence of fire disaster,all above these will play an important role in reducing and avoiding casualties and losses caused by fire.In this paper,researches of fire risk management at home and abroad are summarized and related theory is introduced,qualitative and quantitative methods are adopted to identify and evaluate of fire risk in underground stations of rail transit operation,in the meantime the underground station of Lanzhou Rail Transit Line 1 is took as an example to carry out fire risk assessment as well as to put forward response measures.(1)Primarily,the characteristics of fire risk and fire itself in underground stations of rail transit are analyzed and the applicability of fault tree analysis is introduced.Secondly,the fire fault tree of underground rail transit stations is established based on the statistics of major fire accidents in rail transit stations domestic and overseas,then hazard identification is conducted.In brief,156 fire paths are identified through qualitative and quantitative analysis,in which needs key control is the structure of combustibles.(2)Combined with the theory of safety system,the fire risk factors of fault tree identification can be summarized into four major factors: human factors,facilities and equipment factors,environmental and management factors.This paper makes an in-depth analysis of these four factors and preliminarily establishes an index system which is optimized through questionnaires and interviews.The fire risk assessment index system of underground rail transit stations during operation is established,which includes 4 first-level indexes and 18 second-level indexes,meanwhile a Fuzzy Hierarchy Comprehensive Evaluation Model(FAHP)is established based on the Analytic Hierarchy Process(AHP)and the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method.(3)This paper is a empirical study on the fire risk of the underground station operation of Lanzhou Rail Transit Line 1,in which the weight value of each index is calculated and five factor sets are determined.The result of fire risk assessment of Lanzhou Rail Transit Line 1underground station is ‘general safety’ by FAHP.Finally,this paper points out that prevention strategy should be adopted to deal with fire risk and puts forward some specific control measures.