| In recent years,the problem of urban air pollution is getting worse day by day,and the state is paying more and more attention to environmental protection.In this context,traditional logistics vehicles,which have a large negative impact on the environment,are heavily restricted in their daily operation.With the advantages of low pollution and low energy consumption,logistics electric vehicle has attracted people’s attention,and gradually replaced the traditional logistics vehicle as the primary means of transportation for logistics enterprises.However,compared with the traditional logistics vehicles,logistics electric vehicles still have short range,long charging time and other shortcomings.In order to overcome these problems,the power changing mode based on the centralized battery exchange station has been highly praised by the industry.In the electric changing mode,the centralized battery exchange station can provide the logistics electric vehicle users with quick battery changing service,which greatly saves the charging time of logistics electric vehicle.However,under this mode,the operation cost of the centralized battery exchange station is very high,and the most important part of the operation cost of the centralized battery exchange station is the battery inventory cost.Therefore,the research on battery inventory in centralized battery exchange station and the maximum reduction of battery inventory cost are directly related to whether the logistics electric vehicle can be successfully applied in a large scale in practice,and of great significance to the promotion of electric changing mode and the development of logistics electric vehicle.However,there are few researches on the battery inventory of centralized battery exchange station for logistics electric vehicles at home and abroad.In view of this,this thesis studies the battery inventory centralized battery exchange station for logistics electric vehicle.Firstly,the research literature related to centralized battery exchange station for logistics electric vehicle,battery inventory optimization of centralized battery exchange station and inventory optimization algorithm is analyzed.This thesis introduces the concept and characteristics of logistics electric vehicle,charging and changing mode,layout and advantages of centralized battery exchange station,dynamic inventory management and particle swarm optimization algorithm.Secondly,on the basis of clarifying the operation process of centralized battery exchange station,various factors affecting the battery inventory of centralized battery exchange station are summarized and analyzed.The influencing factors mainly include the electrical changing demand of logistics electric vehicles,battery characteristics,battery charging mode,storage strategy and other related factors.Based on this,this thesis puts forward the battery inventory optimization model of centralized battery exchange station for logistics electric vehicle.In this model,the optimization objective is to minimize the sum of the battery inventory cost in centralized battery exchange station.The inventory cost mainly includes four parts:battery purchase cost,charging cost,out-of-stock cost and maintenance cost.Distribution mileage,battery power,waiting time for power change,battery life,and the number of batteries and charging devices are the constraint conditions.At the same time,the concrete steps of solving the model by using particle swarm optimization algorithm are described.Then,this thesis verified the feasibility of the model and its solving algorithm through an example analysis,and analyzed the sensitivity of the model from the four aspects of the logistics electric vehicle’s changing demand,out-of-stock waiting cost,battery cost and quick charging mode,and further verified the applicability of the model and algorithm under different conditions.Finally,the conclusion of the study is summarized,and the prospect of future research is proposed. |
