| China has a vast territory,many ethnic groups,and diverse regions.It is the best witness to the history of agricultural civilization.Traditional villages have formed their own forms over the long years,forming a diverse village culture.As an important natural environment for the survival and development of villages,the river basin is an important carrier for cultural exchange and integration of traditional villages.The inland river network in Hunan Province is densely covered,mainly forming the four major river basins of the Xiangjiang River,Zijiang River,Yuanjiang River and Lishui River and the Dongting Lake water system.In the course of history,various distinctive river basin cultures have been generated in the five major river basins of Hunan Province.As the carriers of these cultures,traditional villages play an important role in the inheritance of river basin culture.These cultures also affect the distribution and aggregation of traditional villages.Happening.However,in recent years,with the accelerated development of industrialization,urbanization and new rural construction,traditional villages have gradually withered and declined or population hollowing has intensified.Some traditional villages have been renovated,replaced or integrated into modern factors,resulting in the destruction of the historical value of traditional villages.Faced with the danger of extinction.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to increase the emphasis on traditional villages and strengthen the research on related aspects of traditional villages.This research takes Hunan Province as the research area and five batches of 658 national-level traditional villages in Hunan Province announced by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development as the research object.Using ArcGIS platform and mathematical statistics methods,the spatial distribution and characteristics of traditional villages in Hunan Province are studied.Discuss the influencing factors of the spatial distribution of traditional villages in each river basin,reveal their internal relationships,and propose protection strategies for traditional villages to provide a research basis for traditional village protection in Hunan Province.The main conclusions are as follows:(1)City and county distribution of traditional villages in Hunan Province:At the city level,traditional villages are mainly distributed in the Tujia and Miao Autonomous Regions in western Hunan and Huaihua City,which are contiguous ethnic minority areas,accounting for more than half of the total number of traditional villages in the province.Secondly,there are more traditional villages in Yongzhou City,Chenzhou City.Among them,Changsha City,Xiangtan City and Changde City have the least number of traditional villages,which shows that the number of traditional villages at the city level is obviously different.At the county level,traditional villages are not evenly distributed among counties(districts).Generally speaking,they are more in the west and less in the east.They are mainly concentrated in the west of Hunan,which is dominated by the Yuanshui River Basin,and southern Hunan,which is dominated by the Xiangshui River Basin.area.Generally speaking,the distribution of traditional villages in Hunan Province is extremely uneven.(2)The spatial distribution characteristics of traditional villages mainly include:Spatial distribution characteristics of traditional villages in Hunan Province:The distribution type of traditional villages in Hunan Province is agglomerated and presents a distribution trend of "large aggregation,small dispersion".The distribution of traditional villages is mainly concentrated in the Yuanshui Basin,while there are small ones in the Xiangshui Basin.The distribution of traditional villages tends to be northwest,and the distribution trend is more obvious,mainly distributed in the west,south and southwest of Hunan Province.Traditional villages have significant clustering patterns and spatial correlation in the global autocorrelation analysis.In the local autocorrelation,the spatial distribution of the cold and hot spots of the traditional villages in Hunan Province has obvious differences between east and west.Spatial distribution characteristics of traditional villages in the various basins of Hunan Province:Among the traditional villages in various basins of Hunan Province,the distribution of traditional villages has obvious polarization characteristics and is unevenly distributed.They are mainly distributed in the Yuanshui and Xiangshui basins.The traditional villages in the Yuanshui River Basin are more concentrated,while the villages in the Xiangshui River Basin are more scattered.(3)Correlation analysis of influencing factors of spatial differentiation of traditional villages in various river basins of Hunan Province:The spatial distribution characteristics of traditional villages in the Yuanshui River Basin have the most significant correlations with annual rainfall,road network density,river network density,and population density.The spatial distribution characteristics of traditional villages in the Xiangshui River Basin have the most significant correlations with the average annual precipitation,road network density,river network density,population density and urbanization rate.The spatial distribution characteristics of traditional villages in the Zishui River Basin have the most significant correlations with average annual precipitation,road network density,distance from the central city,population density,and urbanization rate.The spatial distribution characteristics of traditional villages in the Lishui River Basin have the most significant correlations with natural factors such as elevation,slope,average annual precipitation,average annual temperature,and road network density.The spatial distribution characteristics of traditional villages in the Dongting Lake basin have significant correlations with factors such as topographic undulation,annual precipitation,and distance from roads.(4)In order to protect the traditional villages in Hunan Province,the following suggestions are made for the traditional villages in each basin:Traditional villages in the Yuanshui River Basin explore ethnic cultures,develop characteristic industries,raise funds,and promote the development and protection of tourism in the villages based on regional characteristics.The traditional villages in the Xiangshui River Basin are led by the government planning,with the help of economically developed advantages,cultivate specialized characteristic villages,and attract enterprises to participate.Establish a diversified investment protection mechanism;traditional villages in the Zishui River Basin break through the watershed and administrative protection,integrate resources,protect in series,train professionals,and improve protection and development plans;traditional villages in the Lishui River Basin should do a good job in ecological and environmental protection to prevent floods.Improve villagers’ awareness of protection;traditional village protection models and development concepts in the Dongting Lake area,and establish and improve laws and regulations. |
