Research On The Optimization Strategy Of Public Space Of The Open Residential Area Guided By Walking In Changsha

With the improvement of urbanization level,urban construction gradually changes from incremental development of urban space to stock optimization of urban space.As a type of residential area,open residential area has the characteristics of open residential structure and partial or all of internal public space sharing with urban space.The public space of open residential area is the place for residents to exchange and live,it’s a reflection of urban life.Under the influence of vehicle traffic,public space in open residential areas is over differentiation,pedestrian traffic is in an inferior position.Pedestrian traffic in residential areas should follow the principles of convenience and continuity,safety and comfort,ecology and culture.It is of theoretical and practical significance for improving the quality of public space and the use of residents to build public space and put forward optimization strategies based on walking orientation.It is of great significance to study the background of pedestrian oriented and open residential area.By sorting out the existing date,the development of urban and residential transportation can be divided into three periods by sorting out the existing data: the age of traditional walking,the age of car orientation and the age of modern walking age.The types of open residential areas are abundant.The influence of different period and different region’s residential form and urban construction concept on open residential areas is different,so it is necessary to classify and study according to the specific situation.Changsha open residential area can be divided into old open residential area,resettlement open residential area and commercial housing open residential area.The first two types of residential areas exist widely and have some reconstruction value.After the survey and comparison of the existing residential areas in Changsha,Tian Ma community and Wang Yue Hu community are selected as the specific research objects.Through on-the-spot investigation,questionnaire interview and other forms,subjective and objective analysis of the existing problems.Finally,the common problems of residential areas are analyzed from different aspects of space form,transportation system,public facilities and space environment,including the disharmony of residential forms,the lack of walking system,the occupation of public space infrastructure and the dispersion of space sites.To analyze the problem of public space in open residential areas from the perspective of pedestrian orientation,we should make theoretical analysis from two perspectives: the overall environment of public space and the micro adjustment of pedestrian orientation.Then it analyzes the walking system of Changsha open residential area,including three levels: walking network,walking space and walking environment.From the point of view of the coupling of the pedestrian system and the open residential public space system,the paper summarizes the optimal design ideas of the pedestrian oriented open residential public space,including relevance design based on pedestrian network,permeability design based on pedestrian space and integration design based on pedestrian environment.In view of the above problems,following the principle of building residential pedestrian transportation system,combining with the optimization design ideas,the following specific optimization strategies are proposed:building the hierarchical form of the residential area,combining public transport and slow traffic,correlating the behavior and space,structuring public space network and integrating buildings and sites.