The Competitiveness Evaluation Of Guangzhou-hong Kong-shenzhen Ports Under The Background Of Guangdong-hong Kong-macao Great Bay Area

As the three core ports of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area(GBA),Hong Kong,Guangzhou and Shenzhen ports are not only facing competition from external ports,but also facing many problems in the coordinated development of these three ports,which is not conducive to the promotion of port competitiveness.Nowadays,large-scale ports are giving more priority t o improve the high value-added shipping services.However,the existing research about port competitiveness pays too much attention to the low value-added basic freight transport services.Therefore,it is of great practical significance to design such an evaluation index system including the shipping service level and constructs the evaluation model applicable to large-scale ports.Through the evaluation of the competitiveness of these three major ports,we can identify the develop ing characteristics of each ports,which is helpful to develop the comparative advantages of each port and enhance competitiveness.In this paper,the competitiveness evaluation of these three ports is divided into the following parts.First of all,this paper introduces the backg round,significance,content,methods and purpose of this study.Also,the relevant theoretical basis and literature review are described to support this study theoretically.Secondly,in order to have an overall grasp of each port,these paper makes an in-depth present situation analysis of these three ports from the following three aspects: comparison with the Tokyo Bay area’s ports,strengths and weakness,the obstacles of port cooperation.Thirdly,according to the index design principles and referring to a large number of relevant literature,the evaluation index system of the port competitiveness is established from four dimensions of infrastructure and natural condition,capacity for throughput,economic and foreign trade environment,shipping service level.Then,the entropy weight method is used to determine the weight of each index,and TOPSIS method is used to rate ports.The Entropy Weight-TOPSIS model is constructed to evaluate these ports from 2014 to 2018,and evaluation results shown that Hong Kong port is more competitive than Guangzhou port,and Guangzhou port is slightly more competitive than Shenzhen port.Finally,this paper conducted analys is on the result of their competitiveness in 2018,and provided reference for these three ports to i mprove competitiveness.