Neutronic Design And Calculation Of Helium Cooled Ceramic Breeder Blanket For CFETR

Energy shortage and climate change are the key factors affecting the sustainable development of human society,and nuclear fusion is the best way to alleviate the energy crisis in the future.Its research and commercialization has become an important part of the energy development plan,which is concerned by government departments and researchers.CFETR is an engineering project that is being designed and studied based on the existing domestic Tokamak devices and technical experience and engineering foundation of ITER.Its successful construction will be the key to China’s progress towards the commercialization of fusion energy（Demo reactor）.The fusion reactor includes a variety of systems and components,of which the blanket is the core technology carrier.The blanket is responsible for tritium proliferation,energy conversion and radiation shielding.Therefore,the design and performance analysis of blanket become an indispensable segment,and provide an important basis for the engineering design of fusion reactor.Based on the neutron transport theory,this paper uses the international general Monte Carlo transport code and the visual parametric modeling method to carry out a comprehensive neutron calculation analysis and optimization design of CFETR HCCB,and verifies the feasibility of this design concept from the neutron point of view.Firstly,based on the design concept of HCCB Blanket,a large number of investigations have been carried out on the materials.The final material scheme is as follows:8MPa Helium as coolant with inlet temperature of 300℃and outlet temperature of 500℃,CLF-1 as structural material,single-phase positive Li₄SiO₄pellet as tritium breeder,two-phase Be pellet as neutron multiplier,and tungsten with high proton number as first wall front wall protection material.Then,a kind of structure of radial-toroidal arranged U-shaped tritium breeding zones is selected on the basis of the study on the structure of breeder unit in the blanket.In addition,the optimal design of different schemes for the layout of functional areas,materials and their shares of the breeder unit was carried out.Finally,the scheme that can make full use of the breeding zones parallel and perpendicular to front wall of FW to produce tritium was determined,which could achieve the optimization goal of TBR greater than 1.5 for breeder unit model and the visualization of BU was established,which provided support for the design of three-dimensional structure of CFETR HCCB Blanket.Besides,in the neutronics design work of the three-dimensional blanket model,according to the latest physical design parameters of core,the spatial layout of the blanket module is designed based on the 22.5 degree torus sector.Then,a neutronics models of the three-dimensional full reactor,the typical outboard blanket（#9）and the representative sectors were established by using the parameterized 3D modeling software CFETR PM developed by the research group based on MATLAB software.And analyses of tritium production performance,neutron wall loading and nuclear heating were carried out based on the parametric MCNP modeling software CFETR MM.The result shows that the TBR of the optimized HCCB Blanket 3D neutronics model is 1.508,which meets the minimum requirement of tritium self-sustaining(TBR_Req>1.2).